Pathophysiology of Swallowing in Infants 2
Terms
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- ______ aspiration is a particularly insidious manifestation of the motor disorders in infants or neurologically abnormal older children.
- Silent
- It has been estimated that as many as ___% of all children may manifest some type of nonspecified feeding difficulties.
- 25%
- What are the three causes of feeding and swallowing problems?
-
A. Prematurity
B. Cerebral Palsy
C. Autism - T/F: Infants and children with feeding and swallowing problems are a diverse group, ranging from premature babies to teenagers.
- True
-
Children with feeding and swallowing problems present with a wide variety of symptoms depending on the nature and cause of their disorder. Circle the symptoms that might occur.
A) Poor feeding B) Gagging C) Poor weight gain D) Liquid leaking out of - G) All of these
- Some forms of neurological impairment and systemic illness that affect young infants and children are associated with ________.
- Dysphagia
- ________ is the act of swallowing in which a food or liquid bolus is transported from the mouth through the pharynx and esophagus into the stomach.
- Deglutition
- Name one factor that influence the effects of aspiration.
- Correct Answers: A) Quantity, B) Depth, C)Physical properties of the aspirate or D) Pulmonary Clearance Mechanisms
- Children with feeding and swallowing difficulties are at a risk for _____, _____, and _____ problems.
- Malnutrition, Dehydration, and Respiratory Problems.
- T/F: Infants and children manifest congenital and developmental disorders of oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal motility, as well as many of the disorders seen in adults.
- True
- The newborn human infant requires the normal structure, function, and _______ of the oropharyngo-esophageal organs.
- Maturation
- T/F: Infancy is the time during which congenital abnormalities of these organs or effects of in utero or neonatal exposures usually become evident.
- True
- T/F: Disorders of the smooth muscle esophagus in children vary from those in adults to a lesser degree than the deglutitive disorders.
- True
- T/F: Oral phase disorders affecting the oral prepartory and oral propulsive phases usually result from impaired control of the tongue.
- True
- Dysphagia is defined as a _______ difficulty.
- Swallowing
- T/F: Swallowing disorders occur in all age groups.
- True
- T/F: Only infants and children are associated with dysphagia.
- False
- T/F: Prematurity is one of the causes of a feeding and swallowing problem.
- True
- T/F: Another term for swallowing is deglutition.
- True
- T/F: Infants are the only age group that does not have dysphagia.
- False
- T/F: The act of swallowing in which a food or liquid bolus is transported through four phases.
- True
- T/F: The four phases of deglutition is transported from the mouth, through the pharynx, and esophagus into the stomach.
- True
- T/F: Dysphagia can only occur at the final stage of the swallowing process.
- False
- T/F: Dysphagia is only evident throughout the years of infancy to preschool.
- False
- T/F: Infants and up to two years of age are associated with dysphagia.
- False