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World History: Classical Greece (2000B.C.-200B.C.)

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Indo-Europeans who settled on Greek mainland (2000B.C.);main cityMycenae
was fortified w/ 20ft walls on a steep, rocky ledge.
What is Mycenaean?
In 1200's B.C. Mycenaens fought a 10yr. war vs. Troy in Anatolia, located in NW Turkey in 1870's,
What is the Trojan War?
This group took over with collapse of Mycenae, spoke Greek dialect, ancestors were bronze age Greeks & lost art of writing during their rule
What is Dorian?
A blind storyteller during Dorian age of Greece who composed Epics - narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds (750-700B.C.)
Who was Homer?
Fictional, traditional stories about Greek Gods.
What is a Myth?
City-States or fundamental political unit of Ancient Times. A city & surrounding countryside w/ villages.
What is a Polis?
Narrative poem that has a Greek hero who does great deeds as a warrior
What is an Epic?
A fortified hilltop where Government was discussed
What is an Acropolis?
The form of government of the Noble landowning families, very rich w/ political power from cavalry service.
What is an Aristocracy?
Government ruled by a small group of powerful people
What is an Oligarchy?
Powerful individuals (nobles/ wealthy citizens)
who seized control of the government by appealing to common people for support.
What are Tyrants?
Rule by people of Athens; citizens participated directly in political decision-making.
What is Democracy?
Peasants ( Messenians) forced to stay on land they worked & gave up 1/2 their harvest to government
What is a Helot?
A fearsome battle formation (16x16 soldiers armed with pikes 18ft spears)
What is a Phalanx?
Greek vs. Persian Empire began in Ionia on coast of Anatolia. In 546B.C. Persians conquered area but lost the battle of Marathon in 490 B.C. even w/ larger army
What are Persian Wars?
Citizens rule directly & not through representatives as in U.S.A.
What is Direct Democracy?
Values of harmony, order, balance & proportion were standard ideals of art.
What is Classical Art?
A serious Drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, and betrayal. Tragic hero had extraordinary abilities but some tragic flaw leading to his demise
What is Tragedy?
Slapstick situations with crude humor, makes fun of politics & respectful people
What is Comedy?
Athens Navy against Sparta's army. During seige of Athen's by Sparta a plague struck killing 1/3 of population and Pericles.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
Greek thinkers or "Lovers of Wisdom" believed that: the universe has order to its creation 2. You understand the universe through logic and reason.
What are Philosophers?
Behind that absolute, standards exist for truth & justice, forced people to think about values and actions
Who was Socrates?
Student of Socrates, wrote "The Republic" ; his vision of a perfectly governed society. Citizens were farmers, artisans, warriors & ruling class
What is Plato?
Father of history who accuratelt reported events of his day.
What is Herotodus
He questioned Nature of the World and human belief, thought , knowledge etc. Developed the precursor to Debating. Researched psychology, physics & biology
& basis for scientific method
Who was Aristotle?
King of Persia, killed by his own generals
Who was King Phillip II?
North of Greece w/ rough basin & cold climate, live in mountain village
What is Macedonis?
Proclaimed himself KIng of all Egypt at age 20, taught by Aristotal . Crushed rebellion of Thebes and sold survivors into slavery.
Wha was Alexander the Great
Alexanders policies led to the blending of cultures of the lands conquered
What is Hellenistic Culture.
A bronze statue over 100 feet high which stood at the entrance of harbor.
What is The Colossus of Rhodes?
Types of architectural style adorning the tops of Greek columns
Doric, Ionic & Corinthian

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