World History Unit 4 Partial Review
This isn't everything. Just some random stuff I threw together.
Terms
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- Ecomienda
- A spanish farm in America where native American slaves were used for labor.
- Habeas Corpus
- that a person cannot be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime. He must be there in person at the trial and face the prosecution face to face.
- Conquistador
- A Spanish conqueror and explorer
- Henry VIII
- He asked the pope to annul his marriage because his wife Catherine could not bear a son, but the pope refused, causing Him to take over the English church.
- What was the result of the catholic reformation?
- By 1600 rome was a far more devout city than it had been 100 years earlier. Across Catholic Europe, Piety and charity flourished. The reforms slowed the prodestant tide and even returned some areas to the Catholic church. Europe remained divided into a catholic south and a protestant north.
- Lorenzo de Medici
- A clever polition who held Florence together in the lte 1400's. He was a patron of the arts.
- Tariff
- Taxes on imported goods.
- Gravity
- The force that newton classified. He said that it keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
- Trung Trac
- In A.D. 39 he lef an uprising that briefly drove occupying chinese forces out of Vietnam.
- Columbus
- He discovered the new world while looking for a straight path around the world from Europe to Asia.
- Viceroy
- A representative who rules in ones name
- Divine right
- belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from G-d.
- What was the theme of artists in the renaissance
- Religion and Humanism/Realism
- Leonardo DeVinci
- A painter and artist in the renaissance. He painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. He was also interested in botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, and engineering.
- Annul
- A canceling of a marriage. Henry VIII asked the pope to annul his marriage because his wife Catherine could not bear a son, but he refused, causing Henry to take over the English church.
- Magellan
- His men were the first to sail around the world and were hailed by the Spanish.
- Capitalism
- An economic system in where the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
- Why did the European rulers encourage exploration
- For land and religious influence. Also to stabilize their economy.
- Pilgrims
- A band of English puritans who came to the new world when they were being forced not to observe their beliefs by England's government.
- Absolute Monarch
- ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people that he or she governs.
- Limited Monarchy
- A government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's power.
- Copernicus's Theory
- The earth and planets orbit around the sun.
- Balance of power
- distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong.
- Circumnavigate
- Sail around the world. Magellin's men were the first to sail around the world and were hailed by the Spanish.
- Sepoys
- Indian troups. The French and Brithish each had an army of them.
- Why did the European rulers encourage exploration
- For land and religious influence. Also to stabilize their economy.
- Creole
- A child of a Spanish settler who was born in America.
- Caravel
- A combination of the square sails of European ships with the Arab lateen, or triangular scales.
- Cartographer
- Map makers who created accurate maps and sea charts.
- Henry the Navigator
- A prince who hoped to spread Christianity and find African gold. He explored the coast of Africa.
- Astrolabe
- An instrument to determine latitude at see developed by the ancient Greeks and perfected by the Arabs.
- John Calvin
- He published a book called the 'Institutes of the Christian Religion' in which he talked about how to run a protestant community. He believed in predestination, or the idea that G-d long ago determined who would go to heaven or hell. He was asked to run the city state of Geniva where he set up a theocracy.
- Machiavelli
- He wrote a book about how to maintain power called the prince. He stressed that the ends justify the means. Instead of setting up ideals for polititions he took a realistic look.
- Theocracy
- A government Run by church leaders.
- Patron
- A financial supporter of the arts. He would fund artists to create works for him. Lorenzo was a patron.
- Alfonzo de Albuquerque
- A Portuguese Fleet commander who overtook Malacca
- Boer
- Dutch farmers who settled around capetown. They believed in Calvinism.
- Perspective
- An art technique for giving objects on canvas a 3D feel
- Martin Luther
- Started Lutheranism. He rose against the church asking for money in exchange for penance and started a branch of Christianity where religious figures didn't indulge themselves.