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AHIS 1 final exam

Terms

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Buddhist Stupa at Sanchi
•Buddha born in India as a hindu chieftain. He was a chieftain of the shakya republic. Eastern India. Traditional Dates—buddha died around 400 BCE.
• Born on borderland of Nepal—eastern India.
• Buddha was cremated—relics were collected and divided into portions. Stupas were built over these relics.
Circumambulation-clockwise-contemplated it. –Kora. Move from exterior mundane space to more sacred space.
• Relics never intended to be viewed—no access to it. People go to stupa to experience proximity to the Buddha. They felt that the relics somehow captured the living essence of the Buddha. Reverence adoration love. Its at the top of every Buddhist monastery—monastic establishment.
• Foundations of a residential monastery. Stupa is the reason for the existence of the monastery.
• Relic casket—shaped just like the stupa itself. The Parasol—a sign of royalty, divinity—it stands for the buddha’s presence. It remains directly above his relics, and also crowns the top of every stupa.
• A specific type of sandstone from a neighboring hill is used for the outside gates

relic casket at bhopal shows what it would look like inside
relic casket
parasol-aniconism
-made of crystal

detail
detail

pathway
• As you go up-another path.
• 4 gateways at the coordinate path—extended upwards—decorative architraves. They are structural but are a framework of the sculpture that is going to completely cover them. Subject matter is the historic life of the Buddha, or one of the previous lives, or historic events that happened after death.

⬢ 631 donated inscriptions-brief-they are carved on to donated piece itself. A collective donation of a number of small simple pieces.
⬢ Householders, landholders and housewi
• Relics never intended to be viewed—no access to it. People go to stupa to experience proximity to the Buddha. They felt that the relics somehow captured the living essence of the Buddha. Reverence adoration love. Its at the top of every Buddhist monastery—monastic establishment

⬢ Legibility of the narrative is more important than visual depth cues-different emphasis on what is important.
• Eastern gateway-great departure—gates were locked, he leaves at night. Aniconic representation—represented by the emblem of parasol hovers above empty space-him. A mode of telling a story that was popular in India—contiuous narrative—not meant to see it as different horses—but it’s the same horse wthat has move a little bit forward in space and time.
• Horse without parasol is lead back to palace.
• Represent his absence or give a whole series of emblems to represent him

large monolithic stone
patronage of normal people

great departure
Legibility of the narrative is more important than visual depth cues-different emphasis on what is important.
• Objects on it do have perspective—open lotus flower. Seeing the next flower from underneath—multiple perspective used to present this art. The chose mode of representation.
• Enlarged tree-they wanted you to know what each tree was about
• The bracket figures of east gateway-6 figures on each gateway. Purely decorative, curvaceous figure of a woman—one leg against a tree, pulling down the branch of the tree.
• Figure of the woman had a very prominent place—idea of fertility. Woman by touch could cause a tree to bear fruit. It became a standard motif. An auspicious motif.

brackets of busty woman
• The bracket figures of east gateway-6 figures on each gateway. Purely decorative, curvaceous figure of a woman—one leg against a tree, pulling down the branch of the tree.
• Figure of the woman had a very prominent place—idea of fertility. Woman by touch could cause a tree to bear fruit. It became a standard motif. An auspicious motif.

mirror handle and..
mirror handle

• Panel of the story of enlightenment—the west gate.
• Depicts mara’s army attacking Buddha. At moment of enlightenment—gods then appear and celebrate the Buddha.
• Panel of the story of enlightenment—the west gate.
• Depicts mara’s army attacking Buddha. At moment of enlightenment—gods then appear and celebrate the Buddha.
• Demonic chaos on right, sedate gods on left—almost looks like two artists built it.
personified monkeys, three d bush
use of perspective is good
• Panel depicting stupa worship—
o Figures rejoicing. Music on the bottom. Buddha’s presence in relics were clearly celebrated.
o Sanchi-north torana-rising into the air at Kapilavastu—son is now the Buddha-should the father bow down to the son? So he moves up in the air so the father doesn’t have to do that.
o Sanchi north torana-Monkey’s gift of honey—offering of the bowl of honey-buddha accepts the monkey’s gift. Now he dances for joy. No definite answer to the lack of representation—but it revolves around his radiance/voidness—he’s free from the body in samsara.

Deck Info

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