#1 Eicosanoids (pharm) 9/1/06
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- Eicosanoids are a diverse group of molecules mainly derived from?
- arachidonic acid
- arachidonic acid is produced from?
- membrane phospholipids
- arachidonic acid is produced by the action of?
- phospholipase A2
- eicosanoids termed?
- autocrine regulators (local hormones)
- eicosanoids include?
-
1) prostaglandins
2) thromboxanes
3) leukotrienes - eicosanoids regulate?
-
1) inflammation
2) pain reception
3) blood flow
4) smooth muscle contraction - eicosanoids are produced in?
- very small amounts, and have short half-lives
- prostaglandins are?
-
1) arachidonic acid derivatives
2) contain a cyclopentane ring - action of prostaglandins?
-
1) inflammation
2) reproductive processes
3) digestion - thromboxanes contain?
- a cyclic ether group
- leukotrienes are?
- noncyclic (linear)
- leukotrienes are known to be components of?
- SRS-A (slow releasing substance of anaphylaxis)
- PG-D2
-
1) vosodilation (low [ })
2) vosoconstriction (high [ ])
3) bronchial muscle contraction
4) renin secretion
5) inhibit plt aggregation - PG-D2 causes only vasoconstriction in the?
- pulmonary circulation
- PG-Es
-
1) relax bronchial muscle
2) contracts uterine and intestinal smooth muscle
3) > body temp
4) hyperalgesia
5) inhibit gastric secretion
6) > GI mucus secretion - PG-F2
-
1) constrict pulm vessels
2) contracts bronchial muscle
3) contract uterine & GI muscles - PG-I2 (prostacyclin)
-
1) inhibit plt aggregation
2) cause hypotension
3) vasodilation
4) relax uterine tone
5) cytoprotectant - TX-A2
-
1) plt aggregation
2) vasoconstriction
3) bronchoconstriction - TX-A2 is produced by?
- platelets
- LT-B4
-
1) leukocyte chemotaxis
2) hyperalgesia
3) stimulate Bcell proliferation - LT-C4 & LT-D4
-
1) bronchoconstrictors
2) > microvascular permeability, plasma exudation, mucus secretion - 12 HPETE
- function as NTM
- 12 HETE
-
1) stimulates migration of aortic smooth muscle cells
2) chemotactic factor - prostaglandins in OB
-
1) 1st & 2nd trimester abortion
2) Carboprost (IM)
3) Dinoprostone (intravag)
4) induction of labor
5) control postpertum uterine atony and hemorrhage - PTG in pediatrics
-
1) maintain patency of ductus arteriosus
2) Alprostadil (IV gtt) - PTG in impotence
- vasodilation with penile injection (Alprostadil)
- PTG in GI
-
cytoprotection of the stomach in pts with on NSAIDS
(Misoprostol) - PG-I2 used to prevent plt aggregation in?
- dialysis machines
- Misoprostol (Cytotec)
-
1) synth. oral PG-E1 analog
2) prevent ulcers - SE of Misoprostol
-
1) transient diarrhea
2) C/I in pregnant pts - Dinoprostone (Cervidil, Prostin E2 suppository, Prepidil gel)
-
1) synth. PG-E2 analog
2) terminate pregnancy
3) facilitate labor - SE of Dinoprostone
-
1) vomiting
2) diarrhea
3) transient fever - Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate)
-
1) synth. derevatives 15-methyl-PG-F2alpha
2) induce abortion
3) control postpartum hemorrhage - SE of Hemabate
-
1) N/V
2) diarrhea
3) transient pyrexia
4) hypotension with large dose - Alprostadil (Prostin VR pediatric)
-
1) naturally occuring form of PG-E1
2) maintain a patent ductus arteriosus - SE of Alprostadil
-
1) apnea (10-12%)
2) fever, flushing, hypotension, bradycardia, Sz, diarrhea, cardiac arrest - Alprostadil penile injection (Caverject)
-
1) naturally occuring form of PG-E1
2) for impotence - Sildenafil (Viagra)
-
1) not a PG preparation
2) increase blood flow in the corpus cavenorsum - Viagra is contraindicated with?
-
organic nitrate vasodilators
(ex) Nitrous = < BP - Epoprostenol (Folan, Cycloprostin)
-
1) PG-F analog
2) prevent plt aggregation in dialysis machine
3) for pulmonary HTN - Latanaprost (Xalatan)
-
1) analog of PG-F2 alpha
2) eye drop, for > IOP - Montelukast (Singulair)
-
1) leukotriene blocker
2) antiasthmatic
3) Zamfirlukast (Accolate) - Zileuton (ZyFlo)
-
1) inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase
2) for asthma