Thomas Jefferson 2
Terms
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- Prominent Cervical Vertebrae
- C7 Spinous Process
- Tuffiers Line
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Highest points of Iliac Crest
Used For Lumbar Puncture - 7 Processes of a typical vertebra
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1. left and right superior articular processes
2. left and right inferior artcular processes
3. spinous process
4. left and right Transverse Processes - Articulation between superior and inferior articular processes
- facet joints or zygapophyseal joints
- primary curvature of spine
- due to the vertebrae
- secondary curvature of the spine
- due to the intervertebral discs
- Scoliosis
- abnoral spinal curvature due to hemivertebra causing improper stacking
- Kyphosis
- exaggeration of thoracic convexity posteriorly
- Lordosis
- exaggeration of lumbar convexity forward
- What is unique about cervical vertebra?
- Presence of transverse foramen
- What passes through the transverse foramen?
- Vertebral Artery- C1-C6
- Unique feature of caucasian cervical spinou processes
- bifid
- Uncinate Processes
- Locking of cervical vertebral "lips" providing extra support
- C1
- Atlas
- C2
- Axis
- Median Sacral crest
- Caused by the fusion of spinous processes in the 5 sacral vertebrae.
- Lateral Sacral Crest
- Cused by the fusion of the transverse processes in the 5 sacral vertebrae.
- Ala
- Wings or ears of the sacrum
- cocyx
- 4 fused vertebrae
- Sacral Hiatus
- Opening between S4 and S5 Allows for epidural block
- ALL
- Anterior Longitudinal Ligament Runs from the sacrum to the base of skull
- PLL
- Posterior Longitudinal Ligament- Runs from the sacrum to the base of the skull
- Tectoral Membrane
- Articulation of the skull with the PLL
- Ligamentum Flavum
- Located on the underside of the lamina
- 2 Portions of IV Discs
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1. Anulus Fibrosis- Cartlaginous
2. Nucleus Pulposus- Central Hydrated Portion (Causes herniation) - Innervation of facet (zygapophyseal) joints
- Spinal Nerves (Dorsal Rami)
- Spina Bifida Occulta
- Spinal Cord Lies outside of the spinal Canal
- Spondylolisthesis
- Bad Spot forms on the pars inner articulris (b/w articualr processes), fractures and causes L5 to slide off of Sacrum
- Lumbodorsal Fibrosa
- Innervated by a spinal nerve
- Superficial Muscles of the Back
- Not innervated by dorsal primary rami
- List Superficial Muscles of the Back
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1. Latissimus Dorsi
2. Rhomboid Major
3. Rhomboid Minor
4. Trapezius
5. Levator Scapulae
6. Serratus Posterior Superior
7. Serratus Posterior Inferior - Native (Deep) Muscles of the Back
- Innervated by nerves from the primar dorsal rami
- Trapezius
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1. Spinal Acessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)
2. Transverse Cervical Artery - Latissimus Dorsi
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1. Ventral Rami (Thoracodorsal Nerve)
2. Axillary Artery - Rhomboids
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1. Ventral Rami
Have Proprioceptive quality rather than a motor quality - Serratus Posterior Inferior/superior
- 1. Ventral Rami
- Triangle of Auscultation
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1. Latissimus Dorsi
2. Trapezius
3. Scapula/ Rhomboid Major - Triangle of Petit
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1. Latissimus Dorsi
2. External Abdominal Oblique
3. Iliac Crest - Splenius Capitus
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Innervated by Dorsal Rami fromthe spinal nerve
Helps toextend the neck - Erector Spinae Group
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Iliocostalis
Longissimus
spinalis
(I love spaghetti) - Transversospinalis Group
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Rotatores
Multifidus
Semispinalis