Animal Skeletal Muscular System
Terms
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- what are cordlike attachments to muscles
- tendons
- what are flat sheetlike attachments to muscles
- aponeuroses
- the fixed point of muscle attachment is:
- origin
- the movable point is:
- insertion
- minor divisions of origin or insertion are:
- slips
- the fleshy portion of the muscle is:
- belly
- what are the types of skeletal muscle movement
- extension/flexion adduction/abduction rotation fixation
- what are prime movers
- muscles that move joints
- what are anatagonists
- muscles responsible for opposite action, relaxes so movement will be smooth and precise
- what are the 2 categories of muscles on the thoracic limb
- extrinsic and intrinsic
- where do extrinsic muscles originate
- on neck and thorax, can extend as far as elbow
- where do intrinsic muscles originate
- originate/terminate on bones of thoracic limb
- what are the extrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb
- trapezius, omnotransversarius, rhomboideus, serratus ventralis, sternocephalicus, brachiocephalicus, lattimus dorsi, pectoral
- what thoracic limb muscle is broad, thin triangular shaped in 3 parts from neck and suprasinous ligament on thorax
- trapezius
- what thoracic muscle lies on side of cervical vertebrae, arises from scapula and attaches to wing of atlas
- omnotransversarius
- what thoracic muscle is covered by trapezius, 3 parts, fans out on neck/scapular area
- rhomboideus
- what thoracic muscle covers caudal neck/cranial thorax, originates on scapula, fan shaped
- serratus ventralis
- what thoracic muscle is 2 parts, ventral origin manubrium, inserts on temporal/mastoid in skull
- sternocephalicus
- what thoracic muscle lies on neck, near sternocephalicus, 3 parts, extends from brachium to head/neck
- brachiocephalicus
- what thoracic muscle is flat, triangular, on side of thorax originates on lumbar vertebrae, inserts into humerus
- lattimus dorsi
- what thoracic muscle is 2 parts, supercial and deep, ventral surface of thorax, connects sternum/brachium
- pectoral
- what are the intrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb
- shoulder muscles and limb muscles
- what are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the shoulder
- suprasinatus, infrasinatus, deltoid, teres major
- what are the 3 intrinsic muscles of the limb
- biceps brachii, brachialis, triceps brachii
- what are the major muscle groups of the forelimb and their function
-
dorsolateral - extend carpus/digits
caudal antebrachial - flex carpus/digits - what are the 7 major muscle groups of the pelvic limb
- sublumbar, rump, inner pelvic, caudal thigh, cranial thigh, medial thigh, muscles of the crus
- what pelvic limb muscle originates on ventral surface of caudal thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and inserts on os coxae and femur
- sublumbar
- what pelvic limb muscle group extends between ilium and thigh in several layers and includes the gluteals
- rump
- what pelvic limb muscle is caudal to hip joint, extends from ischium to femur, includes gemelli
- inner pelvic
- what pelvic muscle group is grouped around ischiatic tuberosity and runs to medial or lateral thigh
- caudal thigh
- what are the 3 major muscles in the caudal thigh pelvic muscle group
- biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
- what is the pelvic muscle group that extends from pelvis and femur to patella and tibial tuberosity. What is the name of the muscle
- Cranial thigh, quadriceps femoris
- what is the pelvic muscle group that is on medial side of thigh
- medial thigh
- what are the 4 major muscles of the medial thigh
- sartorius, gracilis, adductor, external obturator
- what are the muscles of the crus
- craniolateral flexors and caudal extensors
- what is the calcanean tendon
- combo of tendons that attach to calcaneus in lower leg.
- what are the major muscle groups of the axial system
- head, vertebrae, tail, diaphragm, abdominal and thoraic wall
- what are the muscles of the head
- facial, masticatory, tongue, pharyyngeal, laryngeal, eye
- what are the 3 muscles of the masticatory group
-
masseter, temporalis - lift mandible
digastricus- lowers mandible - what is the major muscle of the vertebrae, dorsal on trunk
- epaxial spinal
- what is the major muscle of the thoracic cavity, runs between ribs, aids in breathing
- intercostal
- what is the linea alba
- point where abdominal muscles come together as sheets of tendons along ventral wall
- what is the major plate of the diaphragm
- muscolotendinous plate