8th grade math final vocab
Terms
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- decameter
- a unit of length in the metric stystem equal to 10 meters
- perpendicular lines
- lines in a plane that intersect to form right angles
- scalene triangle
- a triangle with no congruent sides
- factor
- one of two or more numbers that are multiplied to form a product
- plane
- a flat surface that extends indefinitely in all directions
- range
- the given measure plus or minus the greatest possible error
- exponent
- a number that tells how many times the base is to be used as a factor
- perfect square
- a number whose square root is an integer
- divisor
- the number by which the dividend is divided
- square root
- a number which when multiplied by itself gives the original number
- order of operation
- the order in which mathematical operations must be done when more than one operation is involved
- evaluate
- to replace the variable with a number and then simplify
- inverse relationships
- opposite opperations: addition and subtraction are inverse relationships; multiplication and division are inverse relationships
- variable
- a letter of the alphabet that stands for a number value in a mathematical expression or equation
- polygon
- a simple closed figure with sides that are line segments
- parallelogram
- a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel lines
- cone
- a solid figure having one circular base and a curved surface
- origin
- the point is the coordinate plane where the x-axis and the y-axis intersect
- composite number
- a whole number greater than one that has more that two factors
- decimal
- a number that includes a decimal point, which separates the ones place from the tenths place
- equilateral triangle
- a triangle with three congruent sides
- distributive property of multiplication over addition
- the product of a factor times a sum can be written as the sum of the two products
- inverse property
- the sum of a number and its opposite is zero. the product of a number and its reciprocal is one
- circle
- a closed plane figure all of whose points are equidistant from a point within called the center
- obtuse angle
- an angle measuring greater than 90 degrees
- area
- the numbe of square units a region contains
- volume
- the number of the cubic units of space a figure contains
- radius
- a segment from the center of the circle to a point on the circle
- ratio
- a comparison of two numbers by division
- isosceles triangle
- a triangle having two opposite sides and two opposite angles congruent
- identity element of multiplication
- one is the identity element in multiplication becuase multiplying a number by 1 does not change its value
- mode
- the number that appears the most in a set of numbers
- quotient
- the answer that results from the division of the dividend by the divisor
- edge
- the line segment formed by the intersection of two faces of a polyhedron
- cylinder
- a solid figure having two parallel, congruent, circular bases and a curved surface
- irrational number
- a number that cannot be expressed as a rational. as a decimal, it is a nonrepeating, nonterminaing decimal
- congruent figures
- figures haveing the same size and shape
- kilo
- a prefix meaning thousand
- diameter
- a segment passing through the center of a circle with both endpoints on the circle
- prime number
- a whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors, itself and 1
- pythagorean theorem
- theorem that states that the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle equals the square of the hypotenuse
- LCM
- the least number other than zero that is a common multiple of two or more numbers
- rectangle
- a quadrilateral with all all angles congruent and two pairs of congruent pairs
- angle
- two rays with a common endpoint, called the vertex
- cube
- s rectangular prism with six congruent faces
- hypotenuse
- the side opposite the right angle in a right triangle
- median
- the middle number in a set of numbers arranged in order
- line
- a set of points in order extending idefinitely in opposite directions
- rectangular polygon
- a polygon having all sides and angles congruent
- faces
- the sides that make up a solid figure
- denominator
- names the total number of congruent of equal parts
- rhombus
- a parallelogram with all sides congruent and opposite angles congruent
- vertical angles
- opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines
- pi
- the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of any circle
- rational number
- a number that can written in fractional form where a and b are integers and b does not equal 0
- parallel lines
- lines in a plane that never intersect
- perimeter
- the distance around a closed figure
- complementary angles
- two angles the sum of whose measure 90 degrees
- surface area
- the sum of the areas of all the faces solid figure
- supplementary angles
- two angles the sum of whose measures is 180 degrees
- GCF
- the greatest factor that is common to two or more numbers
- multiple
- the product of a given number and any whole number
- mean
- to average of a set of numbers
- dividend
- the number to be divided
- line of symmetry
- a line that divides a figure into two congruent parts
- circumference
- the distance around, of the perimeter of, a circle
- percent
- the ratio or comparison of a number to one hundred
- mixed number
- a number having a whole number part and a fraction part
- identity element of addition
- zero is the identity element in addition because adding zero to a number does not change its value
- quadrant
- one of four sections into which the coordinate plane is divided
- alternate interior angles
- the angles that are the opposite from each other in two pares of intersecting lines
- alternate exterior angles
- opposite angles on the outside of two pares of intersecting lines
- ray
- part of a line with one endpoint
- bisect
- to divide a segment or an angle into two congruent parts