Math vocabulary
Terms
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- mode
- the number that appears most often in a set of numbers
- kilo
- a prefix meaning thousand
- inverse relationships
- opposite operations: addition and subtraction are inverse relationships; multiplication and division are inverse relationships
- circle
- a closed plane figure all of whose points are equidistant from a point within called the center
- line of symmetry
- a line that divides a figure into two congruent parts
- volume
- the number of cubic units of space a figure contains
- composite number
- a whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors
- diameter
- a segment passing through the center of a circl with both endpoints on the circle
- median
- the middle of a set of numbers
- edge
- the line segment formed by the intersection of two faces of a polyhedren
- perfect square
- a number whose square root is an interger
- perpindicular lines
- lines in a plane that intersect to form right angles
- equilateral triangle
- a triangle with three congruent sides
- plane
- a flat surface that extends indefinetly in all directions
- alternate interior angles
- angles inside the transversal with the same measure
- identity element of multiplication
- one is the identity element of multiplication because multiplying a number by 1 does not change its value
- mean
- the average of a set of numbers
- variable
- a letter of the alphabet that stands for a number value in a mathematical expression or equation
- rhombus
- a parallelogram with all sides congruent and opposite angles congruent
- order of operation
- the order in which mathematical operations must be done when more than one operation is involved
- complementary angles
- two angles the sum of whose measure is 90 degrees
- hypotenuse
- the side opposite the right angle in a right triangle
- LCM
- the least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions
- polygon
- a simple closed figure with sides that are line segments
- bisect
- to divide a segment or an angle into two congruent parts
- angle
- two rays with a common endpoint, called the vertex
- circumference
- the distance around, or the perimeter of, a circle
- cylinder
- a solid figure having two parallel, congruent, circular bases and a curved surface.
- divisor
- the number by which the dividend is divided
- regular polygon
- a polygon having all sides and angles congruent
- rectangle
- a quadrilateral with all angles congruent and two pairs of congruent sides.
- factor
- one of two or more numbers that are multiplied to form a product
- isosceles triangle
- a triangle having two opposite angles congruent
- distributive property of multiplication over addition
- the product of a factor times a sum can be written as the sum of the two products
- rational number
- a number that can be written in fraction form
- parallel lines
- lines in a plane that never intersect
- evaluate
- replace the variable with a number, then simplify
- dividend
- the number to be divided
- congruent figures
- figures having the same size and shape
- line
- a set of points in order extending indefinitly in opposite directions
- suface area
- the sum of the areas of all the faces of a solid figure
- area
- the number of square units a region contains
- ray
- part of a line with one endpoint
- supplementary angle
- two angles the sum of whose measures is 180 degrees
- origin
- the point in the coordinate plane where the x-axis and the y-axis intersect
- alternate exterior angles
- angles outside of the tranversal with the same measure
- parallelogram
- a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides
- square root
- a number which when multiplied by itself gives the original number
- cone
- a solid figure having one circular base and a curved surface
- cube
- a rectangular prism with six congruent faces
- range
- the given measure plus or minus the greatest possible error
- decimal
- a numeral tha includes a decimal point, which separates the ones place from the tenths place
- percent
- the ratio or comparison of a number to one hundred
- denominator
- names the total number of congruent or equal parts
- Pythagorean Theorm
- states that the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle equals the square of the hypotenuse
- identity element of addition
- zero is the identity element in addition because adding zero to a number does not change its value.
- mixed number
- a number having a whole number part and a fraction part
- prime number
- a whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors, itself 1
- quotient
- the answer that results from the division of the dividend by the divisor
- irrational number
- a number cannot be expressed as a rational number
- dekameter
- a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 meters
- inverse property
- a sum of a number and its opposite
- quadrant
- one of four sections into which the coordinate plane is divided
- faces
- the sides that make up a solid figure
- GCF
- the greatest factor that is common to two or more numbers
- multiple
- the product of a given number and any whole number
- ratio
- a comparison of two numbers by division
- exponent
- a number that tells how many times the base is to be used as a factor
- scalene triangle
- a triangle with no congruent sides
- perimeter
- the measure of a distance around a figure
- radius
- a segment from the center of a circle to a point on the circle
- pi
- the ratio of the circumference
- vertical angles
- opposite angles fromed by two intersecting lines
- obtuse angle
- an angle measuring greater than 90 degrees, but less than 180 degrees