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FMF 2

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1775
The Marine Corps was created on Nov 10, 1775 in Philadelphia in Tun Tavern. Raised 2 battalions of Marines “Captain Samuel Nicholas became commander of these 2 battalions.
⬢ 1776
The First Marine Landing of the Revolutionary War. Marines Invaded New Providence Island in the Bahamas. That is where they got the Nickname Leatherneck.
⬢ 1805
Marines stormed the Barbary Pirates stronghold at Burma on the “Shores of Tripoli” Marines raised the stars and strips there for the first time.
• 1847- During the Mexican war Marines occupied the “Halls of Montezuma” during the Battle of Chapultepec in Mexico City.
⬢ 1859
Under the Command of Colonel Robert E. Lee U.S. Army, Marines Storm Harpers Ferry to put down an attempted Slave riot lead by abolitionist John Brown.
⬢ 1868
The Marine Corps adopted the Eagle globe and Anchor Brigadier General Jacob Zeliln, 7th Commandant, Modified the British Royal Marine.
⬢ 1883
The official motto of the Marine Corps “Semper Fidelis”
⬢ 1900
In China during the Boxer Revolution the Marines were part of a multinational defense force that protected the Legation Quarter against attack.
⬢ 1913
The Marine Corps established an aviation unit. Marine Major Alfred A. Cunningham was the first pilot.
⬢ 1917
Marines land as part of an American force in France. Participating in eight distinct operations. Awarded a number of decorations, among them French Fourragere still worn by the 5th and 6th Marines.
⬢ 1933
Fleet Marine Force was established
⬢ 1965
Marines landed in South Vietnam which committed the Marine Corps to the longest war in history. Marines conducted numerous large scale offensive operations through out the war. Also Marines landed in the Dominican Republic to evaluate and protect his citizens.
⬢ 1982
Marines deployed to Lebanon as part of a national peacekeeping force, in effort to restore peace and order to this war-torn country. On 23 October 1983 a suicide truck bomb attacked on the headquarters building 241 Americans killed 70 others wounded. The last Marine withdrew in July of 1984.
⬢ 1991
Operation Desert Storm launched after the Iraqi government refused to comply with United Nation resolutions. Marine aviation was heavily used when the air phase commenced in January 1991. Marine ground forces swept into Kuwait and liberated the country, causing severe damage the Iraqi military capability.
⬢ The Battle of Belleu Wood
During WWI in Belleu Wood, France Marines Helped crush the German offensive that threaten France. German intelligence evaluated the Marines as “Storm Troops”, the highest rating on the enemy fighting scale. In reference to the Marines ferocious fighting ability the Germans named them “Teufelhunden” or Devil Dogs. The French renamed Belleu Wood “The Wood of the Brigade of Marines.
⬢ The Battle of Guadalcanal
On 7 August 1942 1st MARDIV landed on the beach of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands and launched the United States land offensive of WWII.
⬢ The Battle of Tarawa
The Gilbert Island was the first in the line of advance for the offensive in the Central Pacific. The prime objective was to Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island. In which a Japanese commander stated it would take million Americans 100 years to conquer it. On 20 November, 1943 Marines Landed and secured within 76 hours, but paid a heavy price doing so.
⬢ The Battle of Mariana Islands
Due to the need for airfields by the Air Force and advance bases for the Navy, the Marianas were invaded. Landings on the islands of Saipan, Guam, and Tinian accomplished this. During June and July 1943, LtGen Holland M. Smith led a combined invasion force of marines and soldiers that totaled over 136,000. It was the greatest number of troops to operate under a Marine command at that time.
⬢ The Battle of Iwo Jima
On 19 February 1945 Marines landed on Iwo Jima in what was the longest all Marine battle in Marine Corps history, also the bloodiest. The Marine Corps suffered over 23,300 casualties. The capture of the Island greatly Increased air support and bombing operations on Japan. Of the savage battle, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz said, “Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue.”
⬢ The Battle of Chosin Reservoir
After pushing into North Korea during November of 1950, Marines were cut off after the Chinese Communist Forces entered the war. Despite facing a 10-Divison force sent to annihilate them, Marines smashed seven of the enemy divisions in their march from the Chosin Reservoir.
⬢ The Battle of Hue City
During the Vietnamese holiday Tet in January of 1968, NVA troops launched a surprise offensive by infiltrating large numbers of their troops into major population centers of Hue City.
⬢ Archibald Henderson
Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson was also known as the “Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps”, He introduced Higher standards appearance, training, and discipline.
⬢ John Quick
Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps remembered for his performance in Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba) where he participated in an operation to seize an advanced base for Medal of Honor for semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish American shellfire.
⬢ Dan Daly
Sergeant Major is recognized for earning 2 Medals of Honor. (1) Chinese boxer revolution and (2) First Caco War in Haiti. As a gunnery sergeant Daly yelled to his men “come on, you sons of bitches do you want to live forever?”
• Louis B. “Chesty” Puller
LtGen. Puller served in Nicaragua through several periods of political unrest and rebellious activity. Puller and 32 Marines became famous for their abilities to engage rebel force groups and bandits while scouring the jungles in a wide area of Nicaragua it the Honduran boarder. Puller became known as the “Tiger of the Mountains”.
• Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington
Major Boyington Known for his aerial dogfights “Pappy” Commanded VHM-214, the “Blacksheep.” during WWII by the end of the war he was recognized as the Marine Corps top flying ace with 28 kills (1945)
⬢ Ira H. Hayes
Corporal Ira Hayes was one of the Marines Immortalized by the famous picture in the raising of the flag in Iwo Jima on Mount Suribachi on 23 Feb. 1945. He was a Prima Indian.
⬢ Opha Mae Johnson
On 13 August 1918 Private Johnson was the first Enlisted woman in the Marine Corps. Marine Reserve (F) was the official title by which the enlisted women. They were better known as skirt Marines or Marinettes.
⬢ Margaret A. Brewer-
First women general officer 11 May 1978 BrigGen Director of Women Marines (WM) during 1937-1977.
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