Terms
Terms
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- reconstruction finance corporation (rfc)
- federal agency set up by congress in 1932 to provide emergency government credit to banks, railroads, and other large businesses
- installment buying
- method of purchase in which buyer makes a small down-payment and then pays off the rest of the debt in regular monthly payments
- lost generation
- term for american writers of the 1920s marked by the disillusion with ww1 and a search for a new sense of meaning
- fireside chats
- informal radio broadcasts in which fdr explained issues and new deal programs to average americans
- ernest hemingway
- explored similar themes buy in a new idiom, he felt betrayed not only by the american dream but also by literary language itself, 'a farewell to arms' was about ww1
- speculation
- practice of making high-risk investments in hopes of obtaining large profits
- second new deal
- legislative activity begun by franklin d roosevelt in 1935 to solve problems created by the great depression
- prohibition
- the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transport, and sale of alcohol
- business cycles
- periodic growth and contraction of the economy
- claude mckay
- jamaican immigrant the most militant of the writers his novels and poems showed ordinary african americans struggling for dignity and advancement in the face of discrimination and economic hardships 'if we must die'
- assembly line
- arrangement of equipment and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until until the product is assembled
- the jazz singer
- the first movie with sound synchronized to the action
- war of the worlds
- directed by orson welles
- black tuesday
- october 29. 1929 when stock prices fell sharply in the great crash
- bootlegger
- one who sells illegal alcohol
- localism
- policy relied on by president hoover in the early years of the depression whereby local and state governments act as primary agents of economic relief
- trickle-down economics
- economic theory that holds that money lent to banks and businesses will trickle down to consumers
- wizard of oz
- one of the most memorable depression-era films it delivered a good laugh cry a lyrical song and seeing good triumph over evil it promised weary audiences that their dreams really would come ture
- dawes plan
- agreement in which the united states loaned money to germany, allowing them to make reparation payments to britain and france
- charlie chaplin
- the most popular silent film star played the little tramp comedian
- dust bowl
- term used for the central and southern great plains during the 1930s when the region suffered from drought and dust storms
- clarence darrow
- the most celebrated defense attorney in amerca, traveled from his home in chicago to defend scopes
- modernism
- trend that emphasized science and secular values over traditional ideas about religion
- zora neale hurston
- traveled the rural back roads of her native florida collection folk tales in the books such as 'mules and men' wrote 'their eyes were watching god' and expressed the new longing for indpendence felt by many women black and white
- consumer revolution
- flood of new, affordable goods in the decades after WW1
- louis armstrong
- trumpet player became the unofficial ambassador of jazz
- great depression
- period lasting from 1929 to 1941 in which the u.s. economy faltered and unemployment soared
- buying on margin
- system of buying stocks in which a buyer pays a small percentage of the purchase price while the broker advances the rest
- herbert hoover
- harding's thoughtful and energetic secretary of commerce. he worked with business and labor leaders to achieve voluntary advancements. peacful man.
- scientific management
- approach to improving efficiency, in which experts looked at every step of a manufacturing process, trying to find ways to reduce time, effort, and expense
- volstead act
- law enacted by congress to enforce the 18th amendment
- repatriation
- process by which mexican americans were encouraged, or forced, by locals, state, and federal officials to return to mexico during the 1930s
- marcus garvey
- concluded that everywhere blacks were exploited. promoted the idea of universal black nationalism and organized a back to africa movement, advocated the separation of the races. didn't want blacks and whites working together
- bonus army
- group of ww1 veterans who marched on washington, dc, in 1932 to demand early payment of a bonus promising them by congress
- f. scott fitzgerald
- novelist explored the reality of the american dream of wealth, success, and emotional fulfillment. the great gatsby and the side of paradise
- henry ford
- introduced a series of methods and ideas that revolutionized production, wages, working conditions, and daily life
- scopes trial
- 1925 trial of a tennessee school teacher for teaching darwin's theory of evolution
- fundamentalism
- movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles
- washington naval disarmament conference
- meeting held in 1921 aand 1922 where world leaders agreed to limit construction of warships
- bread line
- line of people waiting for food handouts from charities or public agencies
- teapot dome scandal
- scandal during the Harding administration in which the secretary of the interior leased government oil reserves to private oilmen in return for bribes
- harlem renaissance
- period during the 1920s in which african american novelists, poets, and artists celebrater their culture
- model T
- automobile manufactured by Henry Ford to be affordable on the mass market
- andrew mellon
- harding signaled the economic direction of his administration by naming him (a wealthy banker) secretary of the treasury
- herbert hoover
- was an accomplished public servant, who was nominated by republicans to run for the white house. he became president after running against alfred e smith
- bessie smith
- a vocal jazz soloist empress of the blues
- langston hughes
- probably the most powerful african american literary voice of his time wrote autobiography 'the big sea'
- hoover dam
- dam on the colorado river that was built during the great depression
- kkk
- organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups
- quota system
- arrangement that limited the number of immigrants who could enter the united states from specific countries
- kellogg-briand pact
- 1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war
- mass production
- production of goods in large numbers through the use of machinery and assembly lines
- dorthea lange
- was among the fsa photographers 'migrant mother'
- tenant farmer
- working for bigger landowners rather than for themselves
- hawley-smoot tariff
- protective import tax authorized by congress in 1930
- john steinbeck
- 'the grapes of wrath'
- jazz
- american musical form developed by african americans, based on improvisation and blending blues, ragtime, and european based popular music
- 18th amendment
- constitutional amendment banning the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol in the united states
- lillian hellman
- a new orleans native wrote plays with strong women roles ex the childrens hour, the little foxes, watch on the rhine
- bull market
- period of rising stock prices
- douglas macarthur
- was called by president hoover to surround the affected area and clear it without delay. he exceeded his order by moving all the marchers out of the city altogether
- new deal
- programs and legislation enacted by franklin d. roosevelt during the great depression to promote economic recovery and social reform
- hooverville
- term used to describe makeshift shantytowns set up by homeless people during the great depression
- court packing
- fdr plan to add up to six new justices to the nine member supreme court after the court had ruled that some new deal legislation was unconstitutional
- calvin coolidge
- after harding died vice president calvin got swarn in by his father and the family bible. quiet.