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Terms

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External agents
Entities that are outside the direct control of your company. Typical external agents are customers, suppliers, rivals, and governments. Competitive advantages can be found by producing better-quality items or services at a lower cost than your rivals. Also, many firms have strengthened their positions by building closer ties with their suppliers and customers.
Export
An older method of exchanging data among various software packages. One package exports the data by storing it in a format that can be read by other software. Object Linking and Embedding is a more powerful way to exchange data.
Escrow key
a special key that can be used by government officials to decipher secret conversations in an encrypt system. this is also used in Clipper chips.
Exhaustive testing
Testing every possible combination of inputs to search for errors. Generally not a feasible option, so most computer systems will always contain errors.
Executive information system (EIS)
A type of decision support system that collects, analyzes, and presents data in a format that is easy to use by top executives. To achieve this objective, the EIS is based on a model of the entire company. In most cases the model is presented graphically and the executives retrieve information by pointing to objects on the screen.
Ethernet
A network communications protocol that specifies how machines will exchange data. It uses a broadcast system in which one machine transmits its message on the communication medium. The other machines listen for messages directed to them.
Expert system shell
A program that provides a way to collect data, enter rules, talk to users, present results, and evaluate the rules for an expert system.
External entity
Objects outside the boundary of a system that communicate with the system. Common business examples include suppliers, customers, government agencies, and management.
Expert system (ES)
The goal of an expert system is to help a novice achieve the same results as an expert. They can handle ill-structured and missing data. Current expert systems can only be applied to narrowly defined problems. Diagnostic problems are common applications for expert systems.
Exception report
Report that is triggered by some event to signify a condition that is unusual and needs to be handled immediately.
event-driven approach
A user-interface approach where the user controls the sequence or operations and the software responds to these events. Events can range from a simple key-press to a voice command. Modern, window-based software does not follow a sequential process. Instead, actions by users generate events. The programs respond to these events and alter data or offer additional choices. Typical events include mouse clicks pointing to items on the screen, keystrokes, changes to values, or transmissions from other systems.

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