Cytology & Mitosis
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Plasma Membrane Structure and Function
- Phospholipid Bilayer acts as a semi-permiable membrane, Binding sites for hormones and helps hold cell together.
- Nucleus structure and function
- Spherical, contains 46 chromosomes. Controls all cell activities and houses DNA.
- Cytoplasm structure and function
- Clear, jelly-like substance made of Cytosol. Holds organelles into place. All biochemistry occurs in cytoplasm.
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum structure and function.
- Lacks ribosomes and is involved with Lipid synthesis & protein modification.
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum structure/function
- Elongated canals and fluid filled vesicles with ribosomes attached. Functions in protein synthesis and modifies proteins.
- Ribosome structure and function
- Small, spherical, made of RNA/protein and contain enzymes that link amino acids together. Protein synthesis.
- Golgi Apparatus structure/function
- Half a dozen flattened sacs(cisternae) Packages and modifies substances and microbes that have been secreted from the cell.
- Mitochondrion structure/function
- Elongated fluid filled sacs that contain enzymes for converting energy from food molecules. Convert energy from ATP (cellular respiration)
- Vacuoles S/F
- Double membrane sac. Move substances in and out of cell.
- Lysosome S/F
- Spherical fluid filled save, contain digestive(hydrophilic) enzymes. Break down substances, CHO, lipids, proteins and microbes inside cell.
- Microtubules S/F
- Long slender tubes made of TUBULIN (duh) that support the cilia and flagella of the cell.
- Centrioles S/F
- 2 pairs of centrioles made of microtubules. Help distribute CHO during cell division
- Cilia S/F
- Motile extension. Moves substances across cell surface.
- Flagella S/F
- Motile extension. Moves the cell itself.
- Active Transport
- Endocytosis, Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis, Receptor Mediated Phagocytosis, Exocytosis
- Diffusion
- Atoms move from high concentration to low concentration. Ex/ Aerosol spray
- Facilitated Difusion
- Solutes dissolve through protein channels in the membrane from high to low concentrations.
- Nucleolus
- Birthplace of Ribosomes
- Filtration
- Movement involving a force created by hydrostatic pressure or fluids that forces a substance through a membrane
- Mitosis
- Form of cell division that occurs in somatic cells, produces 2 daughter cells.
- Prophase
- Individual chromosomes become visible spindle forms, chromatin fibers form chromosomes
- Metaphase
- Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.
- Anaphase
- Sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of cell. Cytokinesis begins. Karyokinesis occurs.
- Telophase
- Cleavage furrow forms, nuclear envelopes reassemble, cytokinesis completes.