Endocrinology Misc
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- what is the mechanism of prolactin action?
- Prolactin binds to plasma membrane receptors and activates cytoplasmic Janus kinases. These phosphorylate STAT proteins that stimulate expression of genes such as milk proteins casein, lactoalbumin etc.
- where is IGF-1 produced?
- produced in liver and many other tissues
- is insulin usually bound tightly to a carrier protein when circulating in the blood?
- No
- when are galactorrhea and amenorrhea likely to occur?
- depression of secretion of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)
- which subunit of TSH has biological specificity?
-
the beta unit
(TSH is made up of an alpha and a beta subunit) - what is the half life of TSH?
- 1 hour
- what happens to TSH secretion during sleep and fasting?
- TSH secretion declines during sleep and fasting
- what is the mechanism of action of TSH?
- activation of adenylate cyclase
- what happens to TSH secretion on exposure to cold?
- TSH secretion increases on exposure to cold
- what are the plasma half lives of T4 and T3?
- 7 days and 1 day
- does TBPA bind T3?
- negligible
- what is the basic mechanism of thyroid hormone action?
- TH enters nucleus, binds with high affinity to the nuclear receptor, stimulates transcription of specific mRNAs
- how are GH and TH related?
- GH secretion is deficient in the absence of TH
- proteolytic cleavage of POMC can yield?
- ACTH, ß-endorphin, α-MSH, and beta-LPH
- what is the half-life of aldosterone?
- 30 minutes
- what is the mechanism of GH action?
- The binding of growth hormone to the extracellular domain of its receptor results in the dimerization of the receptor with rapid phosphorylation and activation of Janus kinases on the cytoplasmic domain. These result in phosphorylation of STAT, IRS, GRB2, and PLC pathways and stimulation of gene
- what effect do glucocorticoids such as cortisol have on the GFR?
- cortisol inc GFR
- what is another name for IGF-1?
- somatomedin C
- does GH increase or decrease carbohydrate (sugar) utilization?
- GH increases fat utilization (lipolysis) and decreases carbohydrate utilization (hyperglycemia))
- Bromo criptine mesylate
- inhibits prolactin release (
- what is one of the earliest detectable effects of PTH (hint: think kidney)
- inc urinary cAMP
- where in the kidney does PTH induce Ca reabsorption?
- distal tubule
- which cells secrete inhibin?
- sertoli cells
- what does fibrinolysin do and where is it produced?
-
helps liquify semen 10 minutes after ejaculation
is produced in the prostate - RU-486
- high affinity for progesterone receptor (uterus) but does not initiate transcription
- what happens to TBG levels during pregnancy?
- inc