Anatomy Atlas A
Terms
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- Anatomical position
- person stand erect with the feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, and the palms, face, and eye facing forward.
- supine
- face up like lying on back
- prone
- face down
- saggittal plane
- passes vertically thorugh the body right and left
- Frontal (Coronal)
- divides body to anterior and posterior
- axial region
- head neck and trunk
- Trunk
- thoracic region, abdominal region
- Midclavicular line
- passes through the midpoint of the clavicle or collar bone verticle
- subcostal line
- connects the inferior borders of teh lowest costal cartilages. top horizontal
- intertubercular line
- pases form left to right between the tubercles of the pelvis
- appendicular
- appendages upper limbs and lower limbs
- dorsal body cavity subdivisions
- cranial, and the vertebral column
- meninges
- dorsal body cavity is lined by three membrane layers
- Ventral Body cavity
- thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
- Serous membranes fill what cavity
- thoracic and abdominoplevic
- abdominal cavity
- above the brim of the pelvis contains most of the digestive organs as well as the kidneys and ureters
- pelvic cavity
- contians distal part of the large intestine, the urinary bladder and urethra, and reproductive organs
- Thoracic cavity contains
- mediastinum, pleural cavity, pericardial cavity
- Abdominoplevic cavity contains
- abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity
- mesentary
- intestines are suspended from the dorsal abdominal wall by a translucent membrane
- Serosa
- moist membrane that lines body cavities or covers the external surfaces of the viscera
- Mesocolon
- mesentary of the large intestine
- greater omentum
- fatty membrane that hangs like an apron from the inferolateral margin of the stoma nad overlies the intestines
- Integumentary system
- Organs: skin, hair, nails, and cutaneous glands. protection, water retention, thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis, cutaneous sensation nonverbal communication
- Skeletal system
- Organs: Bones, cartilages, ligaments. Support, movement, protective enclosure of viscer, blood formation, electrolyte and acid base balance
- Muscular System
- Organs: skeletal muscles. Movement, stability, communication, control of body openings, heat production
- Nervous system
- Organs: brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia. Rapid internal communication and coordination, sensation
- Endocrine
- Organs: pituitary gland, pineal gland, thryroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, testes, ovaries. Internal chemical communication and coordination
- Circulatory
- Organs: Heart, blood vessels. Distribution of nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, heat, immune cells, and antibodies; fluid, electrolyte, and acid base balance
- Lymphatic
- Organs: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils. Recovery of excess tissue fluid, detection fo pathogens, production of immune cells, defense
- Respiratory
- Organs: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs. Absorption of oxygen, discharge of carbon dioxide, acid- base balance, speech
- Urinary
- Organs: Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra. Elimination of wastes; regultion of blood volume and pressure; stimulation of red blood cell formation; control of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance; detoxification
- Digestive
- Organs: teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancrease. Nutrient breakdown and absoprtio; liver functions include metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, synthesis of plasma proteins, disposal of drugs, toxi, and hormones, and cleansing of blood
- Male Reproductive System
- Organs: testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis. Production and delivery of sperm
- Female Reproductive sysytem
- Organs: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, mammary glands. Productin of eggs, site of fertilization and fetal development, fetal nourishment, birth, lactation