Path buzzwords 301-350
Terms
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- Term for speckled appearance of iris in Downs pts
- Brushfield spots
- Type of exudate from rickettsial infection
- Hemorrhagic exudates
- 2 most common causes of epididymitis in males over 35
- E Coli and Pseudomonas
- Most common cardiac anomaly in kids
- PDA
- 3 most common sites for left-sided heart embolisms to metastasize
- Brain, spleen, kidney
- Most common primary malignant tumor in bone
- Osteosarcoma
- Lucid interval
- Epidural Hematoma
- Pheochromocytoma rule of 10’s
- 10% bilateral, 10% malignant, 10% familial, 10% children, 10% outside adrenal gland
- What tumor is seen in 2-4 yrs, does not cross midline, has immature glomeruli, tubules, and stroma, and metastasizes late to the lungs
- Wilms tumor
- Term for cytoplasmic remnants of RNA in RBCs, seen in lead poisoning
- Basophilic stippling
- What highly undifferentiated aggressive CNS tumor of primordial neuroglial origin develops in children and is associated with psudorosettes
- Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (medulloblastomas and retinoblastomas)
- What x-linked recessive disorder is due to an abnormality in dystrophin gene with onset by age 5 with progressive proximal muscle weakness, calf pseudohypertrophy, and elevated CPK levels
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Most common cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis
- Strep viridans
- Decreasd plts, prolonged PT and PTT, decreased fibrinogen, and increased fibrin split products (D-dimers)
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- What mineral deficiency involves blood vessel fragility
- Copper
- What are the 3 causes of normochromic, normocytic anemia with a normal MCV and a low retic count?
- Marrow failure, cancer, and leukemia
- 2 lysosomal storage diseases with cherry-red spots on the retina
- Niemann-Pick and Tay-Sachs
- 4 most common causes of femoral head necrosis
- Steroids, Alcohol, Scuba diving, Sickle cell anemia
- Most common childhood disease in US
- Congenital heart failure
- Type of Hypersensitivity Rxn: IgE-mediated release of chemical mediators from basophils and mast cells; need prior exposure to Ag in the past; eosinophils amplify and continue rxn; can be systemic or localized
- Type I hypersensitivity (anaphylactic)
- What form of vasculitis involves the ascending arch and causes obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum
- Syphilitic
- Weeks to monthes after tx abrupt onset of oliguria and azotemia, seen as neutrophilic vasculitis and interstitial lymphocytes
- Acute rejection
- Most common Site of ischemia in GI tract
- Splenic flexure
- Type of exudate from diphtheria infection
- Pseudomembranous exudates
- Most common Tumor in men 15-35
- Testicular tumors
- Cancer associated with Ki-ras
- Pancreas and colon
- Keloid collagen type
- Type III
- Palpable, elevated solid mass up to 0.5 cm
- Papule
- What vitamin requires IF for absorption
- Cyanocobalamin (B12)
- Most common organism associated with liver abscesses
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Cancer associated with N-myc
- Neuroblastoma
- Malignant neoplasm of the bone associated with Homer-Wright pseudorosettes; onion skinning of the periosteum on x-rays of the femur, pelvis, and tibia, and chromosome 11;22 translocation
- Ewing’s sarcoma
- Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) chromosomal translocation
- Chromosome 15,17
- Glycogen storage disease due to deficiency of lysosomal glucosidase
- Pompe’s disease
- Type of exudate from uremic pericarditis
- Fibrinous exudates
- Avidin decreases absorption of what vitamin
- Biotin
- Most common Bladder tumor
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- What is the term for transverse bands on the fingernails seen in patients with chronic arsenic poisoning
- Mees lines
- Criteria for chronic bronchitis dx
- 3 months of productive cough in 2 consecutive years
- Most common Liver tumor
- Metastatic carcinoma
- Cancer associated with Ki-ras and erb-2
- Lung cancer
- What bone cell has receptors for PTH
- Osteoblasts (modulate fct of osteoclasts)
- Most common Site for ectopic abdominal pregnancy
- Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)
- Triad of fat embolism
- Petechiae, Hyperactive mental status, Occurrence within 24-48 of initial insult
- Most common cause of diarrhea in kids
- Rotavirus
- Two most common viral infections in HIV
- CMV retinitis and HSV-2
- Most common Type of hernias seen in males over 50
- Direct
- In which form of emphysema, panacinar or centriacinar, is the effect worse in the apical segments of the upper lobes
- Centriacinar worse in upper lobes, panacinar worse in base of the lower lobes
- 3 Abs used to make SLE dx
- ANA, anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith