Chem Honors Chapter 2
Terms
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- Scientific method
- A logical approach to solving problems by observing & collecting data, formulating hyptheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories supported by the data
- Observing
- use of senses to observe info
- System
- A specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment of observation
- Hypotheses
- testable statement
- Model
- An Explanation of how phenomena occur, how data or events are related
- theory
- A broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena
- Quantity
- Something that has magnitude, size, or amount
- SI
- le syste'me international d'unte's
- Weight
- measure of gravitational pull
- Derived units
- Combination of SI units
- Liter
- 1000cm^3
- Density
- M/V
- Length
- l, meter, m, light interval
- mass
- m, kilo, kg
- time
- t, second, s
- temperature
- t, kelvin, K
- Amount of substance
- n, mole, mol
- Electric current
- I, ampere, A
- Luminous intensity
- Iv, candela, cd
- Tera
- T 10^12 (Trillion)
- Giga
- G 10^9 (Billion)
- Mega
- 10^6 (M million)
- Kilo
- k 10^3 Thousand
- Hecto
- h 10^2 Hundred
- Deka
- da 10
- Deci
- d 10^-1
- Centi
- c 10^-2
- Micro
- ,u 10^-6
- Nano
- n 10^-9
- Pico
- p^-12
- Femto
- f 10^-15
- Atto
- a 10^-18
- Accuracy
- closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured
- Precision
- closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity of measurements made in the same way
- Percent error
-
(Value accepted- value experimental)*100
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Value accepted - Significant figures
- All digits known with certainty and 1 final, which is uncertain or estimated
- Adding+Subtracting
- Answer must have same number of digits to the right of the decimal as there are in the measurment having the fewest digits to the right of the decimal point
- Dividing+Multiplying
- Fewest number sig figures
- directly prop
-
y
- = k
x - inversely prop
- xy=k