Psych Chap 6 Cont.
Terms
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- Hue
- dimension of visual experienced by color names and related to the wavelength of light
- brightness
- amount of light emitted (height of the amplitude)
- saturation
- vividness or purity of color related to the complexity of the light waves
- cornea
- transparent part covering the eye; bends incoming light rays twoard the lens
- lens
- focuses the light (bends) to focus on close and far-away objects
- iris
- controls the amout of light that gets into the eye
- pupil
- dilates or contracts letting in or out light
- retina
- neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball's interior, which contains the receptor's for vision
- rods
- (125 million) visual receptors that respond to dim light; in retina
- cones
- 8 million; visual receptors involved in color vision (in center of retina)
- fovea
- center of retina
- dark adaptation
- process by which visual receptors become maximally sensitive to dim light
- ganglion cells
- neurons in the retina of the eye, which gather info from receptor cells (by way of intermediate bipolar cells) their axons make up the optic nerve
- feature-dectectors
- cells in the visual cortex that are sensitive to specific features of the environment
- opponent-process theory
- a theory of color perception that assumes that the visual system treats pair of colors as opposing or antagonistic
- Gestalt psychologists
- how people find pattern in vision (figure and ground)
- proximity
- things that are near each other tend to be grouped together
- closure
- the brain fills in gaps (ie an incomplete triangle)
- similarity
- things that are the samed seem to be categorized together
- continuity
- lines or patterns are perceived to be continuing into space
- binocular cues
- visual cues to depth or distance requiring two eyes
- convergence
- turning inward of the eyes, which occurs when they focus on a nearby object
- retinal disparity
- slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye
- monocular cues
- visual cues to depth or distance requiring two eyes (50+ feet)
- perceptual constancy
- accurate perception of objects as stable or unchanged despite changes in the sensory patterns they produce