vocabulary (americans move west)
chapter 18 in vocabulary
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- dry farming
- a new method of farming that shifted the focus away from the water-dependent crops;;like corn
- Morrill Act
- franted more than 17 million acres of federal land to the states
- sodbusters
- the hard work of breaking up the sod earned Plains farmers this nickname
- George Armstrong Custer
- 1874 lieutenant
- Homestead Act
- gave the government owned land to small farmers
- Exodusters
- these southerners made a mass exodus, or departure, from the south
- Geronimo
- A chiricahua Apache and his band of raiders avoided capture for many years
- Ghost Dance
- A paiute Indian named Wovoka began a religious movement that predicted the arrival of paradice for Native Americans
- Long Walk
- On this 300-mile march the Navajo were forced to walk across the desert to a reservation in Bosque Redondo, New Mexico
- deflations
- a decrease in the money supple and overall lower prices
- buffalo soliders
- troops including African American cavalry, who the Indians called this
- Pony Express
- in 1860 system of messengers on horseback called this. they began to carry messages west
- treaty of fort laramie
- the 1st major treaty between the US government and plains indians
- Massacre at Wounded Knee
- the US army shot and killed about 150 sioux near wounded knee creak in south dakoda. this was the last major incident on the Great Plains
- treaty of medicine lodge
- in 1867 most southern plain Indians agreed to live on reservations
- cattle drive
- long journeys, cowboys herded cattle to the market or to the northern plains for grazing
- Sitting Bull
- a leader of the lakota Sioux
- comstock lode
- in 1859 a miner named henry comstock discovered a huge deposit of gold and silver in nevada
- frontier
- undeveloped area
- Populist Party
- a new party and it called for the government to own railroads and telephone and telegraph systems
- Annie Bidwell
- one of the foundered of Chico, California;;she used her influence to support a variety of moral and social causes
- National Grange
- was a social and educational organization for farmers
- Crazy Horse
- late 1866 and a group of Sioux ambushed and killed 81 cavalry troops
- reservations
- areas of federal land set aside for the Native Americans
- William Jennings Bryan
- a candidate of Nebraska
- boomtowns
- communities that grew suddenly when a mine opened
- transcontinental railroad
- a railroad that would cross the continent and connect the east to the west
- Dawes General Allotment Act
- in 1887 this act tried to lessen traditional influences on Indian society by making land ownership private rather than shared
- Battle of little bighorn
- sioux forces led by Crazy Horse and sitting bull surrounded and defeated Custer and his troops (Custer's last stand)
- Chisholm Trail
- ran from San Antonio, Texas to the cattle town of Abilene, Kansas, was one of the earliest and most popular routes for cattle drives
- Sarah Winnemucca
- a Paiute Indian that called for a reform she gave lectures on problems of the reservations system
- cattle kingdom
- the great plains from texsa to canada, where many ranchers raised cattle in the late 1800's became known as this