US History II- Midterm terms
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- characteristic of a political system in which the gov't excercises complete control over its citizens' lives
- Totalitarian
- a political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic gov't headed by a powerful dictator
- Fascism
- the German brand of fascism, based on extreme nationalism
- Nasism
- a series of laws enacted in 1935 and 1936 to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war
- Neutrality Acts
- giving up principals to pacify an aggressor
- appeasement
- an agreement in which two nations (Poland & Germany) promise not to go to war with each other
- Nonaggression Pact
- form the german word meaning "lightning war," a sudden, massive attack with combined air and ground forces, intended to achieve a quick victory
- Blitzkrieg
- "night of broken glass," a name given to the night of nov. 9, 1938, when gangs of Nazi storm troopers attcked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues in Germany
- Kristallnacht
- the systematic murder of 11 million people accross Europe, more than half of whom were Jews
- holocaust
- the deliberate and systematic killing of an entire population
- genocide
- a city neighborhood in which a certain minority group is pressured or forced to live
- ghetto
- a prison camp operated by nazi germany in which Jews and other groups considered to be enemies of Adolf Hitler were atrved while doing slave labor or were murdered
- concentration camps
- the group of nations-including Germany, Italy, and japan-that opposed the allies and WWII
- Axis Powers
- the group of nations-including Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States-that opposed the axis powers
- allies
- a law, passed in 1941, that allowed the US to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the axis powers
- Lend-Lease Act
- signed by Roosevelt and Churchill~a 1941 declaration of principles in which the US and Great Britain set forth their goals in opposing the axis powers----1.Collective Security 2.disarmament 3.self-determination 4.economic cooperation 5.freedom of the sea
- Atlantic Charter
- women volunteers who would serve in noncombat positions
-
Woman's Auxiliary Army corps
WAAC - code name for research work on the atomic bomb- lead by the Office of Scientific research
- Manhattan Project
- fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods
-
Office of Price Administration
OPA - decided what companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries. organized nation wide drives
-
War Production Board
WPB - establishing fixed alotments of goods deemed essential to the military
- rationing
- June 6, 1944, the first day of the invasion into Germany.
- D-Day
- A turning point in the war where the Germans made an attemptat taking back a Belgium port. By the end of a month long battle, the Germans had lost a lot, most of which they could not replace. After this battle, the Nazis could do little but retreat. (Bas
- Battle of the Bulge
- Victory in Europe Day. the war ended in Europe on May 8, 1945
- V-E day
- turning point in Pacific war. US caught Japanese fleet and bombed them. started the run of allies doing Island hopping geting them closer and closer to Japan
- Battle of Midway
- confronted urban segregation in the North
- Congress of racial equality
- confinement, used in the US with Japanese Americans
- Internment
- pushed the gov't to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost properties. ( called for payment of reperations)
-
Japanese American Citizens League
JACL - testing cite for Mannhattan project.
- Los Alamos (NM)
- the blocking of another nations attempts to spread its influence
- Containment
- a phrase used by Winston Chuchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated communist countries in the Soviet Union bloc of eastern Europe from countries in Weastern Europe
- Iron Curtain
- a Us policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing military and economic aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents
- Truman Doctrine
- the program, proposed by Secretary of state George Marshal in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after WWII
- Marshall Plan
- a defensive military allience formed in 1949 by ten western European Nations, the US and Canada. this was the firsat time that the US made a military alllience during peacetime
-
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NATO - the country where Chaing Kai-Shek and his followers flead to. Also known as Formosa
- Taiwan
- committee that investigated communist influence inside and outside the US gov't in the years following WWII
-
HUAC
House of Unamerican Activities Communittee - to go to the edge of all out war
- Brinkmanship
- linked soviet union with seven other Eastern European countries
- Warsaw Pact
- the downing of a US spy plane and capture its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960
- U-2 incident
- one of the southern delegates who , to protest Truman's civil rights policy, walked out of the 1948 Democratic National convention and formed the states' Rights Democratic Party.
- Dixiecrats
- economic program - an extention of Franklin Roosevelt's new deal
- fair deal
- a major coorperation that owns a number of smaller companies in unrelated businesses
- Conglomerate
- a preoccupation with the purchasing of material goods
- consumerism
- the gov't agency that regulates and licenses television, telephone, telegraph, radio, and other communication industries
-
Federal communications Commission
FCC - a style of music characterized by the use of improvisation
- Jazz
- the tearing down and replacing of buildings in rundown inner-city neighborhoods
- urban Renewal
- the uS gov't plan, announced in 1953 to give up responsiblity of Native American tribes by elimination federal economic support; discontinuing the reservation system and redistributing tribal lands
- termination policy
- a law that banned discrimination on the basis of sex, race, national origin, or religion in public places and most work places
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- a 1964 project to register African American voters in Mississippi
- Freedom Summer
- cae where separation of schools was challenged
- Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka
- its purpose was to carry on nonviolent crusades aginst the evils of second-class citizenship---lead by Martin Luther King Jr.
-
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
SCLS - a national youth protest group
- Student Nonvioent Coordinating Committee
- black Muslims, lead by Elijah Muhammad
- Nation of Islam
- carmichal's call for black people to begin to define their own goals and to lead their own organizations
- Black Power
- founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale-- political party to fight police brutality in the ghetto
- Black Panthers
- President Johnson had appointed this to study the causes of Urban violence
- kerner Commission
- ended discrimination in housing
- Civil Rights Act of 1968