US History chapter 10
Terms
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- The political theory on which Jefferson and Madison based their antifederalist resolutions declaring that the 13 states created the Constitution.
- Compact Theory
- Documents signed in 1794 whose terms favoring Britain outraged Jeffersonian Republicans.
- Jay's Treaty
- Hamilton's policy of having the federal government take over and pay the financial obligations of the states.
- assumption
- Crafty French foreign minister who was first hostile and then friendly to Americans during a crisis.
- Talley Rand
- Alexander Hamilton's policy of paying off all federal bonds at face value, with interest, in order to strengthen the national credit.
- funding
- Political party that believed in the common people, no government aid for business, and a pro-French foreign policy.
- Republicans
- The cabinet office in Washington's administration headed by a brilliant young West Indian immigrant who distrusted the people.
- Secretary of the Treasury
- Washington's secretary of state and organizer of a political party opposed to Hamilton's policies.
- Thomas Jefferson
- Code names for three French agents who attempted to extract bribes from American diplomats in 1797.
- XYZ
- Brilliant administrator and financial wizard whose career was plagued by doubts about his character and loyalty.
- Alexander Hamilton
- Political party that believed in a strong government run by the wealthy, government aid to business, and pro-British foreign policy.
- Federalists
- The doctrine, proclaimed in the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions, that a state can block a federal law it considers unconstitutional.
- nullification
- Skillful politician-scholar who drafted the Bill of Rights and moved it through the First Congress.
- James Madison
- Effort that showed the 4 million Americans to be 90 percent rural and 95 percent east of the Appalachians.
- Census of 1790
- The constitutional office into which John Adams was sworn on April 30, 1789.
- vice president
- Message issued by Washington in 1793 that urged Americans to stay impartial and aloof from the French Revolutionary wars with the British.
- Neutrality Proclamation
- Political and social upheaval supported by most Americans during its moderate beginnings in 1789 but the cause of bitter division among Americans.
- French Revolution
- Institution established by Hamilton to create a stable currency and bitterly opposed by states' rights advocates.
- Bank of the United States
- The official body of voters, chosen by the states under the new Constitution, who in 1789 unanimously elected George Washington as president.
- electoral college
- A protest by poor western farmers what was firmly suppressed by Washington and Hamilton's army.
- Whiskey Rebellion
- Message telling American that it should avoid unnecessary entanglements - a reflection of the foreign policy of its author.
- Farewell Address
- Agreement signed between two anti-British countires in 1778 that increasingly plagued American foreign policy in the 1790s.
- French-American Alliance
- Political organizations not envisioned in the Constitution and considered dangerous to national unity by most of the Founding Fathers.
- political parties
- The nation with which the United States fought an undeclared war from 1798 to 1800.
- France
- The first ten amendments to the Constitution.
- the bill of rights
- Harsh and probably unconstitutional laws aimed at radical immigrants and Jeffersonian writers.
- alien and sedition acts
- Hamilton's aggressive financial policies of paying off all federal bonds and taking on all debts.
- funding and assumption
- Body organized by the Judiciary Act of 1789 and first headed by John Jay.
- Supreme Court
- Constitutional amendments designed to protect liberties, the last two of which were added by Madison to check federal power and prtect states' rights.
- Bill of rights