Review Anatomy & Physiology Introduction Fill in the blank
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- The study of the body structures without the use of a microscope is known as
- gross anatomy
- For histologic anatomy, it is important that one us a(n)
- microscope
- One of the branches of physiology is cytology, the study of
- cells
- The function of the excretory system is a major topic of a branch of physiology known as
- renal physiology
- At its most simple level of structure, the body is composed of
- atoms
- Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water typify the level of structure which the main components are
- molecules
- The fundamental unit of all living things, including the human body is
- cell
- A group of cells working together to perform the same function is a(n)
- tissue
- A type of tissue represented by the blood and bone tissue is
- connective tissue
- The organs of the body are lined with a type of tissue known as
- epithelial tissue
- Various types of tissue work together in the human body to compose a(n)
- organ
- The sum total of all chemical processes occurring in the body is
- metabolism
- When organic matter is built up from smaller molecules, usually requiring an input energy, the chemical process is called
- anabolism
- The chemical process in which organic matter is broken down, usually with the release of energy is
- catabolism
- Two types of general movement in the body are voluntary and
- involuntary movement
- To assist the process of movement of the body, the skeletal muscles are usually attached to
- bones
- The body obtains materials from the environment and increases its mass in the process of
- growth
- The characteristic of conductivity is associated with muscle cells and
- nerve cells
- In addition to producing an entirely new individual, new cells are formed in the body for the three purposes of replacement, growth, and
- repair
- The form of reproduction generating a fertilized egg cell is called
- sexual reproduction
- The duplication of a single cell to form two identical daughter cells is the type of reproduction know as
- asexual reproduction
- The steady state of equilibrium existing in the body is called
- homeostasis
- The cells of the body and the body itself remains relatively constant in its chemical environment and in its
- physical environment
- Major chemical requirements of the human body for maintaining homeostasis include water, nutrients, and
- oxygen
- Among the systems coordinating homeostasis are the nervous system and the
- endocrine system
- An imbalance in the internal environment and disturbance of homeostasis may both be created by
- stress
- A system in which information decreases the system's output and brings the system back to its setpoint is a(n)
- negative feedback system
- A system in which information is returned in order to increase deviation from the original setpoint is a(n)
- positive feedback system
- The body is erect with eyes forward, feet together, arms at side, and palms forward in the
- anatomical position
- The directional term used to describe the front of the body on the belly side is
- anterior
- Although the term dorsal is sometimes used, the preferred term when referring to the back side of a human is
- posterior
- In anatomical nomenclature, the term superior refers to an aspect of the body toward the
- head
- In anatomical nomenclature, the abdomen is said to be inferior to the (chest)
- thorax
- The anatomical term referring to a side away from the midline is
- lateral
- The term proximal refers to a point close to where an extremity attaches to the body
- trunk
- In the anatomical nomenclature, the hand would be considered distal to the
- lower arm
- Two structures on the same side of the body such as the left arm and the left leg are said to be
- ipsilateral
- A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides represents a(n)
- sagittal plane
- A longitudinal plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is a frontal plane, also known as a(n)
- coronal plane
- A horizontal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts and is also known as a(n)
- transverse plane
- A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves, but if the halves are unequal the plane is said to be
- parasagittal
- The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the spinal cavity and the
- cranial cavity
- Two major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the abdominopelvic cavity and the
- thoracic cavity
- The heart, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi are all located in a portion of the body called the
- mediastinum
- The abdominal subdivision and pelvic subdivision are portions of the abdominopelvic cavity, which is also known as the
- peritoneal cavity
- The large dome-shaped muscle separating the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity is the
- diaphragm
- Immediately superior to the umbilical region is a region of the abdominopelvic cavity known as the
- epigastric region
- Lateral to the hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is the iliac region, also called the
- inguinal region
- Among the three major serous membranes of the body are peritoneum, the pleura, and the
- pericardium
- The three serous membranes of the body have both visceral layers and
- parietal layers