Ch. 3 Vocab- Bio
Terms
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- lysosomes
- type of vesicle; small, spherical organelles that contain the cell's digestive enzymes
- cytoskeleton
- system of microscopic fibers in a cell
- phospholipid
- a lipid made of a phosphate group, and 2 fatty acids
- magnification
- the quality of making an image appear larger than its actual size
- resolution
- a measure of the clarity of an image
- ribosomes
- the cellular structures on which proteins are made
- mitochondria
- organelle that harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP, the main energy currency of cells
- central vacuole
- large, membrane-bound space that stores water and may contain many substances, including ions, nutrients, and wastes
- prokaryote
- single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other internal compartments
- cell theory
- has three parts. 1) All living things are made up of one or more cells. 2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms 3) All cells arise from existing cells
- nucleus
- internal compartment that houses the cell's DNA
- cell wall
- surrounds the cell membrane and provides structure and support
- cytoplasm
- cell interior
- cell membrane
- outer boundary of the cell that encloses it and seperates the cell interior
- cilia
- short, hairlike structures that protrude from the surface of some eukaryotic cells
- organelle
- a structure that carries out specific activities in the cell
- electron microscope
- forms an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons rather than light
- endoplasmic reticulum
- (ER) an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell
- light microscope
- light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen
- eukaryote
- organism whose cells have a nucleus
- lipid bilayer
- a double layer that the phospholipids are arranged in inside the cell membrane
- vesicle
- a small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells
- chloroplasts
- organelles that use light energy to make carbs from carbon dioxide and water
- scanning tunneling microscope
- uses a needle-like probe to measure differences in voltage caused by electrons that leak, or tunnel, from the surface of the object being viewed
- flagella
- long, thredlike structures that protrude from the cell's surface and enable movement
- Golgi apparatus
- a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell