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FON-Ch.16 key terms

Terms

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Aseptic
is being free of microorganisms
Microorganism
is an organism that is only visible with a microscope
Antimicrobial
a substance capable of either killing or suppressing the multiplication and growth of microorganisms
Interferon
biologic response modifier that affects cellular growth
Disinfectant
are solutions containing chemical compounds such as phenol, alcohol, or chlorine that kill or inactivate microorganisms
Sterile
without pathologic organisms
Sterilization
is the process of destroying all microorganisms and pathogenic products
Immune response
is a reaction of the body to substances interpreted as nonself
Medical asepsis
is the practice of reproducing the number of organisms present or reducing the risk for transmission of organisms
Bacteria
are single-cell microorganisms lacking a nucleus that reproduce about every 20 minutes
Pathogen
is a microorganism that is capable of causing disease
Antiseptic
is a chemical compound that is used on skin or tissue to eliminate microorganisms
Antibiotic
a chemical substance that can kill or alter the growth of microorganisms
Helminths
are parasitic worms or flukes and belong to the animal kingdom
Fungi
are tiny, primitive organisms of the plant kingdom that contain no chlorophyll
Viruses
are extremely small particles of nucleic acids, either DNA or RNA, with a coat of protein, and in some cases a membranous envelope, that can trigger an immune reaction or damage cells in other ways
Debris
dead tissue or foreign material
Personal Protective Equipment
items such as gloves, gowns, masks, protective eyewear, and hair coverings are used to protect the nurse from infectious organisms
Standard Precautions
are precautions that protect both the nurse and the patient from infection and are to be used for every patient contact
Protozoa
are one-celled microscopic organisms belonging to the animal kingdom
Surgical asepsis
is the practice of preparing and handling materials in a way that prevents the patient's exposure to living microorganisms
Contaminated
is made unclean
Rickettsia
are small round or rod-shaped microorganisms that are transmitted by the botes of lice, ticks, fleas, and mites that act as vectors
Asepsis
is a practice of making the environment and objects free of microorganisms

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