General Microbiology 2
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- what are the general requirements for specimen collection and transport?
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-Prior to antimicrobial drugs
-Avoid normal flora
-Acquire during acute phase
-Get enough
-Use proper collecting device
-Deliver to lab right away
-get enough background info - What are the requirements for swab types?
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Use one of three types:
-Dacron/polyester
-Cotton
-Calcium alginate - What is safest swab type? Why?
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Dacron/polyester
-Cotton can have toxic fatty aa
-Calcium alginate kills herpes - 3 types of holding media are and contain:
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1. Sterile saline - non nutrient
2. Stuart's - buffered semi-solid
3. Amies media - charcoal - What is the purpose of charcoal in holding media?
- it absorbs toxins to keep fastidious neisseria gonorrhoea alive.
- What are 2 types of special transport media, and for what?
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1. Jembec - for gonorrhoeae
2. Regan lowe - for bordatella pertussis nasopharyngeal swabs. - What does a jembec plate have?
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-Modified thayer martin
-CO2 tablet for enriched, capnophilic environment. - When are swabs NOT preferred for specimen collection?
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-For anaerobic bacteria
-For UTI/stool specimens. - What are 2 sterile container types?
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1. Stuart's holding media
2. Cary-Blair media - What is Cary-Blair used for?
- Holding/preserving a stool specimen to find bacteria when immediate culture not possible.
- 4 types of direct smear stains:
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-Gram
-Acridine orange
-Methylene blue
-Acid fast - What 2 things are noted when evaluating direct smears?
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-Number of bacteria
-Significance of host cells - What is a variation gram stain, and why do it?
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-Methanol fixation - overlay slide with methanol to fix.
-To lyse RBCs and decrease background. - What specimen is acridine orange used on?
- Blood cultures
- What is methylene blue used for?
- Fecal leukocytes
- Which prepared media are NOT exempt from quality control?
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-CA
-Campy BA
-Selective neisseria agars (TM, MTM, Lewis) - What QC must be done on media prepared in house?
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-Sterility check
-Ability to support growth
-Ability to be selective
-Ability to give differential reactions - Other than media, what else is QC run on?
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-Reagents/antisera
-Kits
-Antimicrobial suscept. testing