CLLS124: Staph
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- What is the catalase reaction for Staphylococcus?
- Positive
- Which tests which differentiate between S. aureus and the Coagulase negative Staphylococci
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Coagulase
Staphylatex
DNAse
Thermostable nuclease test -
Identify this bacterium:
gpc
catalase positive
Staphylatex test positive - Staphylococcus aureus
- What test will differentiate between S. saprophyticus and other Staphylococci?
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Novobiocin resistance
S. saprophyticus is resistant to novobiocin; other Staphylococci are susceptible. - What is the DNAse reaction of Staphylococcus epidermidis?
-
negative
Of the Staphylococci, only S. aureus is positive - What type of coagulase is detected by the slide coagulase test?
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Bound coagulase.
The tube test detects both free and bound coagulase. - Describe the principle of the Staphylatex test.
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Latex beads are coated with fibrinogen and anti-Protein A.
S. aureus has coagulase which converts the fibrinogen to fibrin, forming a clot. It also has the Protein A antigen -- when the antibody reacts with the antibody you get agglutination. Overall, a positive reaction is clumping. - How does Micrococcus compare to Staphylococcus?
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Both are gpc, catalase positive.
Micrococcus has a brighter yellow pigment. - How does Stomatococcus compare to Staphylococcus?
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Both are gpc.
Staphylococcus is catalase positive; Stomatococcus is catalase variable.
Stomatococcus colonies are sticky as compared to Staphylococcus. -
Where are these bacteria normal flora?
a. Staphylococcus aureus
b. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus
c. Stomatococcus -
a and b. skin and mucus membranes (mouth and vagina)
c. mouth - What type of infection is associated with Staphylococcus epidermidis?
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SBE when a prosthetic heart valve is involved.
Bloodstream infections - Name diseases associated with S. aureus.
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Skin diseases (e.g. acne, folliculitis, impetigo, boils, scalded skin syndrome)
toxic shock syndrome
staph food poisoning
wound infections
osteomyelitis
pneumonia - What infection does S. saprophyticus cause?
- UTI in sexually active 18-25 year old females
- What is the first choice for antibiotic treatment of S. aureus?
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Methicillin
If methicillin resistant, use vancomycin.
For VISA, GISA, VRSA strains, use Synercid or Zyvox.