Micro mneumonics
Terms
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- antibiotic neumonics
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Wendy's Double Vag Brought Lookers
Mark Probably Doubled
Phil And Thomas Made O-faces
Ned Started Touching Rachel's Quality Nipples - drugs that interfere w/ cell wall
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1)D cycloserine (D-Ala analogue)(TB)
(inhib L-Ala racemase/D-A-d-A synth
2)Vancomycin (G+) (injures cyto mem)
bind D-A-D-A, block polymerization
3)Bacitracin
block lipid carrier regeneration
4)B-lactams (penicillin, cephalosporins)
D-A-D-A analogue, bind PBP,stops
crosslinking(transpeptidase) - Membrane active antibiotics
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1)Polymixins (G-)-->Lipid A, CIDAL
2)Daptomycin (G+) K leakage, CIDAL
(res staphyl/strept-ococci) - Inhibitors of prot synth
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1)Aminoglycosides (irrev. cidal)
(streptomycin, kanamycin,
gentamicin, tobrmycin)
(30S-missreading,seperate ribo/RNA)
2)Tetracyclines (revers. no kill)
(30S-inhib aa-t-RNA from A site
3)Macrolides(rev, no kill)
(erythromycin, clindamycin,
Clarithromycin, azithromycin)
(50S-block peptidyl trans/transloca.)
4)Oxazolidinones(dep on org)
(Linezolide)(G+ only)
(23S-stop initiation complex)
staphylococci/enterococci=static
streptococci=cidal - inhibitors of Nuc acid metabolism
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1)Sulfonamides (not microbial product)
Not anibiotic,inhibit PABA(folic acid)
2)trimethoprim (synergistic w/sulfa)
(inhib dihydrofolic reductase)
3)Rifamycins (Rifampin)
bind b subunit of RNA pol(blocks)
4)Quinolones(inhib gyrase a subunit,
refoming of phosphodiester bond)
5)Novobiocin (blocks bind of ATP to
gyrase/DNA complex(b func)-->less
supercoiling - external structures
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S-layer
polysaccharide coating(capsul,slime)
pili (G-)
flagilla
antigenic variation - gram stain
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crystal violet
iodine
ethanol
safranin - sphere organization types
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diplo-pair
strepto-chain
tetrad-2
sarcina-3
staphylo-random - oxygen characteristics
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Obligate anaerobes
aerotolerant anaerobes
facultative anaerobes
obligate aerobes
microaerophilic orgs - resistence general
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genotypic-new/altered gene-(prevent entry, pump out, alter drug, alter target)
phenotypic-metabolic state of organism is altered, or just don't change gene (pulmonary surfactant protects from daptomycin) - resistence to inhibitors of peptidoglycan crossL. and cell wall metab.
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1)Penicillin-(GENOTYPIC)
-mut of PBP's
-enzym cleavage of b-lact.
(PLASMID gene) *Most common
-extended spec of b-
lactamase=CHROME modification
(cephalosporins and G-)
-mut to prevent entry(porin)
2)Vancomycin-(GENOTYPIC)
-sub D-A-D-Lactate for D-A-D-A
(copmlex), Mobile genetic element
on entercocci->can give to
staphylococci - resistence to membrane active antibiotics
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Daptomycin-(PHENOTYPIC)
in lungs, pulmonary surfactant
protects it - resistance to prot synth inhibitors
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1)Aminoglycosides (GENOTYPIC)
-(Plasmid) enzyme-->modify antibio,
lowers uptake/in vitro activity
-(chrom)altered 30S target (rare)
2)Tetracylines (GENOTYPIC)
-altered 30S (rare)
-(plasmid)inc. efflux=less uptake
-(plasmic)transposon modify ribo
3)Macrolides (GENOTYPIC)
-(plasmid)23S RNA methylase-->dec.
binding to 50S
-(chrome) altered ribo
4)Oxazolidinones (GENOTYPIC)
-mut of 23S RNA-many spots - resistence to nuc acid metabolism inhibitors
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1)Sulfonamides (PHENOTYPIC)
-purulent or destroyed tissue=lots
of NA bases
2)trimethoprim
3)Rifamycin (GENOTYPIC)
-mut=RifR