Chapter 8 Vocab
Terms
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- Herbert Hoover
- Asked Americans to plant vegetables at home which concluded in the US exporting 3x as much as it had before the war.
- Trench Warfare
- was used on a much bigger scale. Made it so that neither side could make any advances. The stalemate caused heavier research in new weapons and technology.
- Lusitania
- Sank 18 minutes after it was torpedoed. 1,200 people died, 128 were Americans.
- Election of 1916
- Wilson was anti-war Hughes was pro-war. Wilson won by a little more than 3 percent vote.
- League of Nations
- organization of nations that would work together to settle disputes.
- Weapons
- poison gas, tanks, airplanes and machine guns.
- (Kaiser) Wilhelm II
- Bad guy, Kaiser of Germany and wanted to make Germany stronger.
- (Henry Cavot) Lodge
- led the reservationists
- (Manfred Von) Ricthofen
- aka The Red Barren. Shot down 80 Allied planes before he was shot down in 1918.
- (Franz) Ferdinand
- heir to the throne of Austria-Hungry
- Somme
- First offensive for the British it is remembered for the loss of life.
- Bolsheviks
- let a revolt in Russia
- U-Boats
- Unterseeboot which means "undersea boat". German announced that they would destroy all enemy ships around Britain.
- (John J.) Pershing
- Top US general.
- Zimmerman Note
- was from a German official to Mexico offering an alliance. Germans thought that the Mexican war would keep them out off the European war. The British had intercepted, decoded and sent it to American officials.
- Tannenberg
- A battle where Russia had it's worst defeat of World War I.
- Isolationism
- Wilson's traditional response. a policy of not being involved in the affairs of other nations.
- Influenza
- spread across the western front because how unsanitary the trenches were.
- Schlieffen Plan
- German proposal to have war on two fronts: France and Russia. at the same time. They would invade France by passing through Belgium.
- Schenk v United States
- limits needed to be placed on individual freedoms during the war because what can be said safely during peacetime can be dangerous during wartime.
- Verdun
- Longest battle of World War I
- Central Powers
- The alliance between Austria-Hungry, Germany and the Ottoman Empire.
- Nineteenth Amendment
- passed in 1919 and ratified in 1920 giving women the right to vote.
- (Czar) Nicholas II
- gave up his absolute over the Russian government. The changes made Russia more democratic but made them an unstable ally in the war.
- Espionage & Sedition Acts
- punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military idea and made it illegal for Americans to "utter, print, write or publish any disloyal or abusive language" criticizing the flag or military.
- WIB (War Industries Board)
- regulated all materials needed in the war effort.
- WLB (National War Labor Board)
- Judged disputes between workers and management.
- Caporetto
- victory for the Central Powers
- Liberty Bonds
- a from of loan to the government.
- (Alvin) York
- was the most famous hero of the war because he captured 132 Germans.
- Big Four
- Woodrow Wilson (States) David Lloyd George (Britain) Georges Clemenceau (France) Vittorio Orlando (Italy)
- (Eddie) Rickenbacker
- #1 US piolet who lived. he shot down 36 planes.
- Convoy System
- where transport ships were surrounded by destroyers or cruisers.
- Fourteen Points
- called for: Open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, removal of trade barriers, reduction of military arms, fairer colonial system and self determination.
- (George) Creel
- was appointed by Wilson to head the Committee on Public Information. He begin a nationwide propaganda campaign to support the war.
- Treaty of Versailles
- Compromise in which in addition to setting up a Eagle of Nations forced Germany to be blamed and pay reparations.
- (Gavrilo) Principe
- murdered the arch duke Ferdinand and his wife. Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungry
- Selective Service Act
- required men between 21 and 30 to register into the armed forces.
- Allied Powers
- The alliance between Britain, France and Russia.
- Chateau-Thierry
- Allies halted the German advance saving Paris.