Islam/Mesoamerica
Terms
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- a civilization whose capital of chanchan held over 30,000 people in 12 square miles and had irrigation.
- chimor
- a town in modern-day Illinois that was the administrative capital of much of the surrounding territory. It was involved in trade and eventually joined a tribal alliance called the Leage of Iroquois. Decline-1300 CE.
- cahokia
- size of teo.
- 8 square miles
- food hall, llama bones found there
- kalasasaya
- ruler of the tribe
- sheikh
- early north american civilization that had a stone temple and underground canals leading to the temple for religious rituals
- chavin de huantar
- muhammad born in this year
- 570 ce
- muhammad
- founder of islam
- nomadic tribe, sheep herders/caravan traders
- bedouin
- law code by scholars who studied the koran and hadith
- sharia
- believe in allah, m. is prophet, pray 5 times a day, observe ramadan, make pilgramage to mecca, help the poor
- 5 pillars of islam
- a civilization lasting from 1600-1200 bce in turkey who owned land as far as west asia and threatened the power of the egyptians. they were the first europeans to use iron but were destroyed by invaders
- hittites
- a civilization that was on the mediterranean coast, they were sea traders and established many colonies but are best known for their phonetic alphabet (after 1200 bce)
- phoenicians
- muslim community
- umma
- urban center for anasazi in new mexico, walled city with kivas (2 circle chambers for religious purposes
- chaco canyon
- capital was great zimbabwe, had mixed economy of trade and farming
- zimbabwe
- on the east coast of africa, around 7/8 century muslims settle around ports, lengend goes that a man had 6 sons and each settled on a different area and each area became commercial centers like zanibar
- land of zanj
- m.'s first revelations were in this year
- 610 ce
- used to describe native american culture in the ohio river valley from the 3-6 century
- hopewell
- civilization from as early as 1200 ce with a burial site atop vertical cliffs. golden scepters and rhinos were found here.
- mapungubwe
- city, around from 1-650 ce, discovered by the aztecs
- teotihuacano
- central shrine to allah, houses black meteorite
- ka'aba
- m. dies in this year
- 632 ce
- holy scripture, directly from muhammad but written after his death
- koran
- anual pilgrimage to mecca
- hajj
- m. birth city
- mecca
- m.'s opinions, a sort of supplement to the koran
- hadith
- the birthplace of judaism (in the jordan river valley), a united kingdom of tribes
- israeli
- commercial city, location of ka'aba, holiest place for muslims
- mecca
- all along the west coast of africa, with thriving trade ports. adopted islam in 1000 ce and it became a blen of arab and african culture
- swahili culture
- ritual symbolizing the separating of the sky and the underworld
- tree raising ceremony
- council of elders, elect sheikh
- majli
- pyramid with a sunken temple on the top
- akapana
- medina conquer/beats medina in this year
- 630 ce
- 335-263 B.C.E Had a philosophy known as Stoicism which was the most popular philosophy in the Hellenistic world, came to Athens and taught in a public colonnade known as the Painted Portico. Stoicism was how individuals found happiness and to get happiness is to live in harmony with the divine will.
- zeno
- m.'s wife's name
- khadija
- name of holy month, fast during day
- ramadan
- city/civilization in bolivia from 500-1000 ce
- tiwanaku
- located in colarado, capital was chaco canyon, they had extensive roads but no wheel so they used pack animals, by the 9th century they had irrigation which led to beans and squash
- anasazi
- a peruvian civilization that was over 2500 square miles, famous for their pottery, irrigation systems, and a large pyramid called the huaca del sol. it was gone by the 8th century ce
- moche
- population of ti.
- 40,000
- method used to lengthen growing season/production
- irrigation
- m.'s flight from mecca to medina
- hijrah
- conquers kalinga but has religious crisis and converts to buddhism, forgives criminals only if they repent for their crimes and keeps power by killing those who don't, and spread buddhism to asia by sending missionaries
- asoka
- year of the hijrah, first year of the muslim calendar
- 622 ce
- city/civilization with a large stone wall surrounding it, built in 11th century by the bantu, but whites refused to belive that and thought it was queen of shebas empire.
- great zimbabwe
- population of teo. at its peak
- 100,000