History, Eisele, Junior
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Spanish explorers who established control over American lands
- Conquistadors
- used to describe the intentions of the spanish in america
- "God, Gold and Glory
- Wroet about his voyages. America was named after him
- Amerigo Vespucci
- First European to see the Pacific Ocean when he and his party crossed the __________
- Isthmus of Panama, Vasco de Balboa
- Led an expedition to circumnavigate the globe, killed in the Phillipines. Only 1 ship survived
- Ferdinand Magellan
- Destroyed the Aztecs
- Hernando Cortez
- While looking for the mystical fountain of youth, claimed Florida for Spain
- Juan Ponce de Leon
- searched for the seven cities ofGold
- Francisco de Coronado
- discovered the Grand Canyon
- Francisco de Coronado
- Began a journey through what is now GA, AL, MS, AK AND OK
- Hernando de Soto
- army destroyed the Incan civilation in Peru
- Juan Pizarro
- The Spanish called their empire in Central, South and North America
- New Spain
- first permanent European settlement in American
- St. Augustine
- Spain colonized New Spain by using the _________ __________ which gave large tracts of land and the Indians who lived on it to a single individual
- encomienda system
- spanish/native americans
- mestizos
- spanish born in europe
- peninsulares
- first to explore and claim part of N. America for England
- John Cabot
- english pirates
- "Sea Dogs"
- most successful english pirate
- sire francis drake
- reason for the Spanish Armada to invade England
- Sire Francis Drake
- first effort at englsih colonization was led by
- Sire walter raleigh
- led settlers to Roanoke island
- Sir walter raleigh
- named his colony "Virginia"
- Sir walter raleigh
- what date did the expedition of 140 settlers sail trhough chesapeake Bay, up the James River and build a fort at Jamestown
- 1607
- How many colonists wre alive by the next spring?
- 38
- Became leader of the Jamestown Colony
- Captain John Smith
- traded with the Indians and instituted strict discipline
- John Smith
- Virgina saved by ________ _____'s successful cultivation of tobacco
- John Rolfe's
- began headright system
- the virginia company
- explain the headright system
- settlers received 50 acres for every "head" or person transported
- Virgina Company allowed settlers to elect representatives to an assembly called the _________ ____ ________
- House of Burgesses
- The first elected governmental bodyin America
- House of Burgesses
- Financial disaster
- Virginia Company
- a disgruntled western settler
- nathaniel bacon
- organized army to punish the Indians
- Nathaniel Bacon
- Threatened to take over the government
- Bacon
- example ofa frequent conflict between wealthy eastern settlers and poorer western settlers
- Bacon's Rebellion
- this rebellion died when the leader didi
- Bacon's rebellion
- first english settlers to come to america for religious reasons
- Pilgrims
- were separatists
- Pilgrims
- had received permission from the _______ _______ to settle in america
- Virginia Company
- Where did the pilgrims land, what was the boats' name and what was the year
- Massachusetts, mayflower, 1620
- before leaving the ship, what did the pilgrims sign?
- The Mayflower Compact
- With whose help did the pilgrims survive the winter?
- Squanto
- group of religious leader that attempted to purify, or reform the Church of England. They were persecuted
- Puritans
- able to obtain a charter and formed the
- massachusetts bay colony
- came to america to build an ideal community which they called
- "a city upon a hill" Puritans
- immediately made efforts to democratize the coloy
- John Winthrop
- about 20,000 englishmen came to America in what is known as
- the Great Migration
- Capital of Massachusetts
- Boston
- In America, the Puritans became known as the
- Congregationalists
- The Puritans considered what a sin?
- Idleness
- Helped to contribute to the rapid growth and success of the New England colonies
- Puritan Work ethic
- wrote the first american constitution
- Thomas Hooker
- what was the name of America's first written constitution?
- Fundamental order of Conneticut
- Intolerant of other religions or opinions
- Puritans
- The puritan government was a type of
- theocracy
- government ruled by church leaders
- Theocracy
- questioned many puritan beliefs, including the need to separate church and government
- Roger Williams
- what colony did Roger Wiliiams found
- rhode island
- this colony would tolerate other religions
- rhode island, roger williams
- became a haven of outcasts who could not live under the strict rule of the Bay Colony
- Rhode island
- disputes between the puritans and the indians rose over two issues-
- land and religion
- in conneticut, english colonists killed over 400 indians in the _________ war
- Pequot
- the native americans and new england colonist waged a war for ever a year called
- King Phillips War
-
King Charles 1 gave land north of Virginia to
--------- ---------- --------- -------- as a haven for persecuted english _________ - George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
- was known as a proprietary colony
- maryland
- explain proprietary colony
- colony completely under the control of an individial or individuals
- guaranteed freedom of religoin to all christians
- Toleration act of 1649
- William Penn decided to make his colony a haven for
- Quakers
- believed that there was no need for ______ ______ _______ , opposed to ___, and refused to ____,_____ or _______
- high church officials, opposed to war, and refused to pay taxes, perform military service or swear oaths
- stressed "_____ _____"
- brotherly love
- capital of pennsylvania
- PHILLY!
- PENNSYLVANIA DUTCH
- Germans
- became a leading colonial seaport
- charlestow
- became separate colonies of norht and south carolina
- Carolina
- georgia was founded by
- James Ogethorpe
- last of the 13 original colonies
- ga
- created as a debtor colony and to serve as a buffer between the _________ and the hostile indians and spaniards in Florida
- Georgia, Carolinas
- cultural and trading center of the GA colony
- savannah
- the dutch claimed a region along the hudson river based on the discovery of the river by
- henry hudson
- called new netherlands by the dutch
- region along the hudson river
- trading posts were established at fort orange, present day albany, and at
- New Amsterdam, present day new york
- Had aquired manhattan island for about 24 worth of beans from Indians
- Dutch
- King Charles II gave his brother ______, the ______ ____ _______ a large of chunk of land that included New Netherlands
- James, the Duke of York
- later named new york
- new amster dam
- _______ _______ was created from NY hwne the Duke gave alnd to two of his friends
- new jersey
- introduced the lob cabin to America
- da sweedes
- explain salutory neglect
- beneficial neglect: they are making money off the colonies without doing anything
- the head of any colonial government was the _____, who represented the king of England
- governor
- laws for the individial colonies were passed by ___________ called _________ that were elected by the colonists
- legislatures,assemblies
- these assemblies even controlled the ________'s salary
- governors
- placed the colonies of New York, New Jersey, Conneticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire under the control of Governor Edmund Andros
- Dominion of New England
- gave Edmund Andros broad powers to rule the colonies
- the placing of the colones by the dominion of new england under the control of Governor Edmund Andros
- ______________________ in England brought William and Mary
- The Glorious Revolution
- held that the nations wealth and power was measured by its share of the world's gold and trade
- mercantilism
- became the major policy of all major European countires
- mercantilism
- wanted to be able to ______ more goods than she ________
- export more goods than she imported
- purpose of these laws were to secure for England all profits of colonial trade and strengthen English shipping and sea power
- Navigation Acts
- name the Navigation Acts
-
1. transport their goods only in British or colonial ships
2.to send certain enumerated goods such as tobacco, sugar, indigo and fure only to britain
3.to rbing colonial imports fromother European countries to England first, then reload them, pay a tax on them, and then carry them to the colonies in British ships
4.restrict colonial manufacture goods that England already manufactured such as woolen cloth and fur hats - many colonists, especially in New England, did not like these trade laws
- New England
- smuggling was common during these laws, since they were not enforced
- Navigation Acts
- most disobeyed navigation act
- Molasses act
- began to look fora Northwest passage
- French
- a water passage through N. America that would lead to the Far East
- Northwest Passage
- explored the ST. Lawrence Rover to present day Montreal
- Jacques Cartier
- founded the first permanent french settlement in America in Quebec
- Samuel de Champlain
- what lands did France claim for New France?
- all the land from Canada to Gulf of Mexico from the Rockies to the Appalchian
- Unlike England, France did not allow_____ _________ _________ ______
- religious dissenters to come to America
- were mostly interested in the fure trade with the indians
- the french
- this war ended in a stalemate
- king george's wars
- the french began to build forts from what to what?
- west of Appalachians, south to ohio river
- 21 year old surveyor
- George Washinton
- groups of civilians who volunteer for miltary service in times of emergency
- militia
- led a force of 150 men to protect a forst that VA was building near present day pittsburgh
- george washington
- before washinton arrived, the french took control of the fort and renamed it what?
- Fort Duquesne
- after brifely fighting the French, Washington had to retreatfrom his hastily built
- fort necessity
- name the vs. of the french and indian war
- french and indians vs. English and British
- redoubled the war effort when he became English Prime minister
- William Pitt
- captured and renamed Fort Pitt
- Fort Duquesne
- captured the french stronghold at Quebec
- French
- at the end of the french and indian war, England recieved ______ and the _____ and ______ ________ from the french
- ohio, canada and the mississippi valley
- from spain England gained
- florida
- spain was then given
- louisiana
- cost of the war had been enormous for the ______(what war)
- britishb (french and indian
- attempt to drive the English out of the Ohio Valley
- Pontiac's Rebellion
- chief of the Ottawa
- Pontiac
- this was passed to ease relations with the indians
- english passed the proclamation item of 1763
- american colonists resented this new order
- Proclamation Item of 1763 because it reserved appalachian area to indians
- what did colonists continue to do in the area reserved for Indians?
- move in
- what did american colonists gain by the result of the war?
- self confidence and military experience
- rose to the call for colonial union, what did he present and what was his name
- Benjamin Franklin, Albany Plan, this was rejected
- became king of england and decided to take a more active role than his predecessors , this ended the period of _________ _________
- King George III, ended the period of salutory neglect
- general search warrants made by english custon agents to search for smuggled goods
- writs of assisstance
- leading colonial spokesmen claimed that these were illegal based on their rights as english subjects
- writs of assisstnace
- reasoned that the colinsts hould pay for their own defense
- George Glenville
- reduced the existing tax on colonial imports of sugar and molasses from the spanish and french west indies but called for strict enforcement
- Sugar act
- upset because this would redece their profits if collected
- new england merchants, shop owners and rum distillers