Andy's Mnemonics Biochemistry
Terms
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- Functions of the different RNA polymerases I, II and III?
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I,II,II = R.M.T
(rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA) - Name the stop codons?
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UGA = U Go Away
UAA = U Are Away
UAG = U Are Gone - What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus?
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Su.Pro.Dis.N.O.Man. !
Sulfation of sugars in proteoglycans and tyrosine
Proteoglycan assembly
Distribution center of proteins and lipids
N-oligosacc. modification on Asn
O-oligosacc. addition to serine and threonine
Mannose-6-Phophate addition to lysosomal proteins - Collagen types?
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B.e C.ool R.ead B.ooks
Bone Cartilage Reticulin Basement membrane
Type X - epiphyseal plate - What is S-adenosylmethionine?
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SAM the methyl donor man
(SAM regeneration is dependent on B12) - The TCA cycle intermediates, starting from Citrate....?
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C.an I. K.eep S.elling S.ex F.or M.oney O.fficer?
Citrate
Isocitrate
(alpha)-Ketoglutarate
Succinyl CoA
Succinate
Fumarate
Malae
Oxaloacetate - Name the enzymes responsible for gluconeogenesis?
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P.athway P.roduces F.resh G.lucose
Pyruvate carboxylase (mitochondria, the rest are cytosolic)
PEP carboxykinase
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase
Glucose-6-phosphatase - G6PD deficiency?
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5H's - .
HMP shunt enzyme deficiency
Hurts RBCs by exposing them to oxidation, which normally is prevented by NADPH
Hemoglobin is altered, precipitates
Heinz bodies form
Hemolytic anemia results - Name the essential amino acids?
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P.v.t. T.I.M. H.A.L.L.
Phe
Val
Thr
Typ
Ile
Met
His
Arg
Leu
Lys - Name the components (intermediates and enzymes) of the urea cycle
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O.rdinarily, C.areless C.rappers A.re A.lso F.rivolous A.bout U.rination
Ornithine
Carbamoyl phosphate
Citrulline
Aspartate
Argininosuccinate
Fumarate
Arginine
Urination - Cystinuria is caused by a defect of...?
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Renal tubular amino acid transporter for C.O.L.A.
Cystine
Ornithine
Lysine
Arginine - Maple Syrup Urine disease?
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Blocked degradation of branched amino acids (Ile, Val, Leu)
I. L.ove V.ermont Maple Syrup - Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?
- L.N.S. = Lacks Nucleotide Salvage (purine)
- What does the liver do generally during the fasting state?
- "In the Phasting state, Phosphorylate."
- Which tissues don't need insulin for glucose uptake?
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BRICK L:
Brain
RBCs
Intestine
Cornea
Kidney
Liver - What are the anabolic affects of insulin?
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Gluck Sometimes Tries to Glide Professionally
Increased:
Glucose transport
Sodium retention by kidneys
Triglyceride snythesis and storage
Glycogen synthesis and storage
Protein synthesis by the muscles - Pompe's?
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"Pompe's trashes the Pump"
(heart, liver, and muscle)
Glycogen storage disease - Name the glycogen storage diseases?
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V.ery P.oor C.arbohydrate M.etabolism
Von Gierke's
Pompe's
Cori's
McArdle's - Niemann-Pick?
- "NO MAN PICKS his nose with his SHPINGER" (shpingomyelinase)
- Tay Sachs?
- Tay SaX laX heXosaminidase
- Hunter's?
- "HUNTERS aim for the X" (X recessive
- What are the major apolipoproteins and what do they do?
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A-1 Activates LCAT
B-100 Binds to LDL receptor
C-II Cofactor for lipoprotein lipase
E - mEdiates Extra (remnant) uptake - Symptoms of porphyrias?
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5P's -
Painful abdomen
Pink urine
Polyneuropathy
Psychological disturbances
Precipitated by drugs - How to treat methemoglobinemia?
- "Treat toxic levels of METHemoglobin with METHylene blue"
- Imprinting: Angelman's and Prader-Willi syndrome?
- AngelMAN's and P.rader-Willi (P.aternal)
- Duchenne's - the molecular problem?
- Deleted dystrophin
- Trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases?
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"Try hunting for my fried eggs."
Try - trinucleotide
Hunting.ton's disease
My.otonic dystrophy
Fried.reich's ataxia
Eggs (Fragile X syndrome) - Fragile X syndrome?
- Xtra-large testes, jaw, ears
- Edward's syndrome: what causes it?
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Election age = 18
T.risomy 18 - Patau's syndrome: what causes it?
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Trisomy 13
P.uberty = 13 - Cri-du-chat?
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CRI D.U. C.H.A.T
Dumb - mental retardation
Underdeveloped brain - microcephaly
Cardiac abnormalities
Hypertelorism
"Asian eyes" - epicanthal folds
Terminal deletion - of 5p - 22q11 syndromes
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CATCH 22
Cleft palate
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia --> T cell deficiency
Cardiac defects
Hypocalcemia secondary to parathyroid aplasia - Vitamin A is aka?
- Retinol (think RetinA)
- Beriberi?
- Ber1Ber1 - Vitamin B1 deficiency
- Wernicke-Korsakoff?
- Were you drinking
- Vitamin B2... aka? Deficiency causes?
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I C.an S.ense C.razy F.lavor
FAD and FMN are derived from RiboFlavin
Cheilosis
Stomatitis (angular)
Corneal vascularization - Vitamin B3?
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"B.e Ni.ce, or you'll get Pellagra"
3D's -
Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Dreadful tongue (beefy glossitis) - Biotin?
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AVIDIN in egg whites
AVIDly binds biotin - Vitamin E
- "E is for Erythrocytes"
- Vitamin K
- "K for Koagulation"
- Kwashiorkor?
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Protein-deficient MEAL:
Malabsorption
Edema
Anemia
Liver (fatty) - G protein linked 2nd messengers via phospholipase C?
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H.A.V. 1 M & M
H1 a1 V1 M1 M3 - G protein linked 2nd messengers via Adenylyl cyclase?
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MAD 2s
M2 a2 D2 (via Gi)
[the others in this group operate via Gs]