Bio Ch 15
Terms
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- cytogenetics
- study of chromosomes
- karyotype
- indivual's chromosome composition
- pedigree
- shows inheritamce patterns, transmissition of genetic traits within a family over generations.
- polyploidy
- presence of mulitple sets of chromosomes. mostly in plants. arises from the failure of chromosomes to seperate during meiosis or fertilizatoin by more than 1 sperm.
- aneuploidies
- abnormalities involving the presence of a single xtra chromosome or the absence of a chromosome.
- trisomy
- person has an xtra chromosome
- monosomy
- individual lacks one member of a pair of chromosomes.
- nondisjunction
- abnormal meiotic division where the chromosomes fail to seperate at anaphase.
- down syndrome
- trisomic for chromosome 21.
- translocation
- chromosome fragment breaks off & attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome.
- reciprocal translocation
- 2 nonhomologous chromosomes exchange parts.
- deletion
- part of a chromosome is missing