Mrs.Hunter's Biology class 1
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- stigma
- expanded apex of a pistil that recieves pollen
- hay fever
- a seasonal rhinitis resulting from an allergic reaction to pollen
- spice
- Tropical plant parts other then the leaf used for flavoring food.
- aerobic cellular respiration
- efficiency is 66% Has 4 biochemical pathways
- light dependent reactions
- phase in photosynthesis in whih pigments within the photosytems in the thylakoid membrane absorb wavelengths of light
- Cultivars
- A variety of a plant developed from a natural species and maintained under cultivation
- stamen
- pollen structure of a plant
- aerobic respiration
- is the release of energy from glucose or another organic substrate in the presence of Oxygen
- ovule
- megasporangium of a flowering plant where eggs are produced
- negative consequences
- pollution, erosion, and depletion of fossil fuels and water are ex. of ______.
- decompose
- bacteria and fungi take dead bodies known as ___
- parenchyma
- cells are usually loosely packed cube-shaped cells that contain a large central vacuole, thin cell walls, and involve in many metabolic functions. Photsythesis,storing water, and healing. Form bulk nonwoody plants.
- Botany
- Study of plants
- Calvin Cycle
- bonding of CO2
- endosperm
- tissue that provides nourishmnt for the seedling
- krebs cycle
- occurs in the matric. Acetyl-CoA into CO2 and makes 2 ATP, 6 NADH and 2 FADH2
- leaf
- major plant organ adapted to capture sunlight and allow photsynthesis
- George Washington Carver
- Director of research at Tuskegee Institute famous for disoveries of plant products
- collenchyma
- cells that are thicker with irregular cell walls. Usually grouped in strands and provide more support or the plant in areas where it is still growing
- oxidation reduction
- reactions that preoduce both ATP through chemiosmosis and NADPH
- stomata
- holes on the underside of leaves to exchange gases.
- weed
- undesireable plants
- plant ecology
- study of interection between plants and the enviroment
- balanced diet
- a diet that contains adequate amounts of all the necessary nutrients required for healthy growth and activity
- producer
- living things that make their own food they use :energy from the sun,water,co 2,and other types of energy
- Electron Transport System
- occurs across the inner membrane of mitochondiron. uses NADH and FADH made in krebs cycle and O2 to make 30 more ATPs by chemiosmosis.
- fermentation
- glycolysis leads to this if oxygen is absent
- internode
- seg. of a stem which provides for spacing on leaves
- vascular plants
- have large sphorophyte and ery small gametophytes
- style
- stalk like structure pf flower ovary within which the pollrn tube forms
- cytosol
- where biochemical pathways occur
- sink
- how it is used
- stem
- major plant organ adapted to support leaes and funstions in tranportin materials and provding storage
- intermediate reaction
- occurs in the matrix of a mitochondrion. Converts acetyl-CoA and makes NO ATP
- vascular tissue system
- functions in transport and support.
- Agriculture
- The growing plants and animals for human use.
- filament
- supports the anther
- legumes
- a family of plants with protein rich seeds in pods
- Xylem
- conducts water and mineral nutrients primarily from roots upward in the plant. not alive at maturity
- root
- anchors the plant in soil, absorbs water and nutirents stores water and organic compounds
- apical meristem
- growing region at the tips of stems and roots in plants that allows plants to grow in length
- oxygen debt
- occurs in skeletal muscle cells when oxygen becomes limiting during strenuous exercise. LActic acid makes muscles feel sore.
- consumers
- Organisms unable to produce their own food. They feed on producers or other org.
- Cereal
- crops is in the grass family
- pistil
- structure made from 1 or more fused carpels withinwhich ovary forms
- Plants
- Multicellular ukaryotes with cell walls made of cellulose. They are mostly autotrophic by photosynthesis and some are absorptive heterotrophs.
- node
- seg. of a stem that provdies an attachment for a leaf
- redox reaction
- 2 pyruvic acids are the product of this and glycolysis., a chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another
- herbs
- flowering vascular seed plant lacking a woody stem, used for flavoring or medicine
- bud
- structure that develops on a stem that can become a new shoot
- glucose
- 6 carbon compound
- cellular respiration
- harnesses the energy in organic compounds to produce ATP.
- aspirin
- one of the most used medicines
- photosynthesis
- plants absorb CO2 from the air, producing sugars and starches, and break apart water, releasing O2 into the air.
- nut
- a heard-shelled fruit with a one dry seed
- sclerenchyma
- thick rigid cell walls. They support and strengthen plant in area where growth is no longer occuring. Usually dies at maturity providing a frame to suport the plant.
- substrate-level phosphorylation
- process with the efficiency of 3.5% Two ATP and NADH molecules are prduced for each glucose molecules.
- seed
- embryo covered by a protective coat
- carbon fixation
- process ofmaking glucose from CO2
- sepal
- modified leaf that protects a young flower
- lactic acid fermentation
- recycles NADH back into NAD+ by converting pyruvic acid into lactioc acid.
- source
- where it is from
- glycolysis
- initial pathway in cellular respiration that produces a small amount of ATP. converts 1 glucose into 2 pyruvic acids. Makes 2 ATP &NADH
- anther
- microsporangium of an angiosperm within which pollen grains are produced
- ovary
- enlarged bade of a pistil which holds the ovules
- "General Sherman"
- Largest living org. that is a redwood tree that is 300' tall.
- receptacle
- swollen tip of a branch which forms the base of a flower from which reproductive structures grow
- aerobic respiration
- consumers use sugar and O2 to produce CO2 and H2O
- biolchemical pathway
- series of reactions-series of chemical reactions, in which the product of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction
- phloem
- tissue conducts organic compounds and some mineral nutrients throughtout the plant, alive at maturity.
- Bristle Cone Pines
- oldest living organismS in the world. 5000 years old
- chlorophyll a
- pigment molecules that are transferred into a series of oxidation reduction
- petal
- one of the conspicuous, leaf-shaped parts of a flower that protects the internal reproductive parts
- alcohol fermentation
- converting pyruvic acid into ethyl alchohol and is the basis of the wine, beer and gasahol industries
- photolysis
- releases electrons replenishing those taken from chlorophyll a.
- light independent reactions
- phase in phot. in which they fix CO2 into Glucose
- oil
- lipds that are liquid at room temperature
- fruits
- a mature plant ovary, containing seeds
- vegetable
- food derived from any part of a soft plant
- root crops
- plant grown for its nutrient stores in modified underground stems (potato)
- cuticle
- prevents water loss
- whole grains
- 3 out of 6 ounces of grains should be ___ ___.
- rhizoids
- gametophytes are attached to the soil by ___