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exercise 2

Terms

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Integumentary organs
epidermal and dermal regions; cutaneous sense organs and glands
integumentary function
* protects deeper organs for mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury and dessication(drying out) * excretes salt and urea * aids in regulation of body temperature * produces vitamin D
major components of the skeletal system
bones cartilages, tendons. ligaments, and joints
functions of the skeletal system
ody support and protections of internal organs * provides levers for muscular action * cavities provide a site for blood cell formation
muscular system organs
muscles attached to the skeleton
function of the muscular system
primary function is t contract or short; in doing so, skeletal muscles all locomotion * generates heat
organs of the nervous system
brain spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors
functions of the nervous system
* allows the body to detect chnges in its internal and external environment to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glands *helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals
endocrine system major organs
*pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathryroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas
functions of the endocrine system
* helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development; produces chemical "messengers" (hormones) that travel in the blood to exert their effects on various target organs of the body
cardiovascular system orgns
heart, blood vessels, and blood
functions of the carviovascular system
* primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and oher substances to and rom te tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through the blood vessels by the pumping ac
Lymphatic system organs
lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and scattered collections of lymphoid tissues
lymphatic system function
*picks up fluid leaked fromt he blood vessels and returns it to the bood * cleanses blood o pathogens and oher debris * houses lymphocyes that act vi the immune response to protect the body from forign substances (antigens)
Respiratory organs
nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Respiratory functions
keeps the blood continously suppied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide * conributes to the acid-base balacne o f the blood via it carbonic acid-bicarbonat buffer system
digestive organse
oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and accessory structures
digestive system functions
* breaks down ingesed foods to minute particles, which can be absorbed by the blood for delivery to the body cells * undigested residue removed from the body as feces
urinary system components
kidneys, ureers, bladder, urethra
urinary system functions
* rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes (urea, uric acid, and ammonia), which result from the breakdown of proteis and nucleic acids by the body *maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance o blood
Reproductive organs
Male: testes, protate gland, scrotum, penis, and duct system, which carries sperm to the body exterior Female: ovaries, uterin tubes, uterus, mammary glands, vagina
functions of the reproductive systems
Male: provide germ cells for perpetuation of the species Female: provide germ cells; he female uterus houses the developing fetus till birth; mammary glands provide nutriion for the infant

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