Essentials of Human:Anatomy and Phsiology
Terms
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- the skeleton: two divisions
-
the axial skeleton
the appendicular skeleton - the skeletal system includes what
- joints, cartilages, ligaments
- functions of the bones
-
supports
protection
movement
storage
blood cell formation - how many bones in an adult skeleton
- 206 bones
- what are the two basic types of bones
-
compact bone
spongy bone - describe compact bone
- is dense and looks smooth and homogeneous
- describe spongy bone
- is composed of small needlelike piesces of bone and losts of open spaces (poreous)
- bones are classified according to shapes, name the four groups
- long, short, flat, and irregular
- long bones are:
-
are typically longer than they are wide
mostly consist of compact bone
ex: limbs - short bones are:
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generally cube-shaped
consist mostly of spongy bone
ex: wrist and ankles bones,
ex: sesamoid bones- patella, kneecap - flat bones are:
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thin, flattened and usually curved
consist two thin layers of compact bone sandwhiching a layer of spongy bone between
ex: ribs, skull, and sternum (breastbone) - irregular bones are:
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bones that do not fit one of the catoregories
ex: veretebrae, and the hip bones