Unit 1 - Vocab
Terms
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- What is extension?
- Movement that brings the members of a limb into/toward a straight position.
- What is flexion?
- Bending/being bent in contrast to extension. Decreasing angle of a joint.
- What is the costocoracoid membrane?
- The dense fascia between pec minor and subclavius m.
- What is adduction?
- Moving limb/eye toward median plane of body; digits toward middle finger (axial line of UL)
- What is abduction?
- The movement that makes you need to adduct - lateral movement away from body's median plane.
- What is supination?
- Turning your hand palm-up like a soup bowl; lying face up like your mouth is a soup bowl.
- What is pronation?
- Lying face down or palms down.
- What is a dermatome?
- Band/region of skin supplied by a single sensory nerve.
- What is referred pain?
- Pain arising in one body part, but actually being perceieved in another.
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Where is referred pain felt when caused by:
-Diaphragm inflammation?
-MI?
-Appendicitis? -
Diaphragmitis: shouler
MI: neck/jaw
Appendicitis: belly button - What is a Prime Mover?
- A muscle that, upon contracting, is automatically checked and controlled by the opposing simultaneous contraction of another muscle.
- What is an antagonist?
- a muscle that contracts with and limits the action of an agonist with which it is paired
- What is a synergist?
- A muscle or organ functioning in cooperation w/ another - e.g. the flexor muscles. The opposite of an antagonist.
- What is a fixator?
- A muscle that acts as a stabilizer of one part of the body during movement of another.
- What is a motor unit?
- A motor NEURON + the muscle FIBERS that it innervates.
- What is sacralization?
- Fusion of SACRUM + 5th LUMBAR VERTEBRA.
- What is lumbarization?
- NONfusion of the 1st sacral vertebra w/ sacrum; functions as an EXTRA (6th) lumbar vertebra.
- What is lumbar puncture?
- Hollow needle gaining entry to subarachnoid space of the meningeal sac below end of spinal cord; usually the level of 4th intervertebral space
- What is a sacral hiatus?
- Not a vacation; the opening on the infero-posterior surface of the sacrum into the sacral canal.
- What is spondylolysis?
- A bilateral defect (weakening/stress fracture)in the pars interarticulis - most often seen in children and athletes (gymnasts/weight lifters) from hyperextension.
- What is Spondylolithesis?
- A condition resulting from spondylolysis where L5 slips forward onto the sacrum.
- What is a herniated disc?
- A rupture of the soft tissue that separates 2 vertebral bones into the spinal canal or adjacent spinal nerve roots.
- What are the 5 most common causes of lower back pain?
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1. Diseased intervertebral disc
2. Diseased interarticular joint
3. Diseased muscles/fascia
4. Diseased sacroiliac joints
5. Metabolic problems i.e. osteoporosis, diabetes mellit.