Key Terms from Chapter 1 of A&P
Terms
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- ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY
- THE SECOND SUBDIVISION OF THE VENTRAL CAVITY.
- WHY DO W NEED DIRECTION TERMS?
- IT'S NECESSARY TO MAKE REFERENCE TO BODY PART POSITIONS IN REGARDS TO THE BODY AS A WHOLE
- EPITHELIAL TISSUE
-
-HAS A BASEMENT MEMBRANE AND A FREE OUTER SURFACE
-IS AVASCULAR-NO BLOOD SUPPLY
-GETS NUTRIENTS BY DIFFUSION FROM LAYERS UNDERNEATH.
-GOOD REPAIR AND REGENERATION
-SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS, EXCELLENT TO POOR. - CONNECTIVE TISSUE
-
-DEFINED BY THE AMOUNTS OF INTER
CELLULAR MATERIAL OR MATRIX-has the
most matrix
-LOOSE FIBROUS MATRIX
-DENSE FIBROUS MATRIX(outside the cell-
EXTRA-CELLULAR)
-FIBROUS MATRIX
-LIQUID MATRIX - MUSCLE TISSUE
- PRODUCES MOTION BY CONTRACTING AND GENERATES HEAT.
- NERVE TISSUE
- CARRIES NERVE IMPULSES IS IRRITABLE, CONDUCTS, AND INTEGRATES.
- EPITHELIAL TISSUE - CELL SHAPES
-
SQUAMOUS - FLAT IRREGULAR SHAPED CELLS
CUBOIDAL - CUBE SHAPED
COLUMNAR - CYLINDRICAL - SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
-
-ARE THIN, IRREGULAR SHAPED CELLS
-BASEMENT MEMBRANE ON BASAL SIDE
-SERVES AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER AS THEY LINE MOUTH, VESSELS, PARTS OF THE KIDNEYS, THROATS, ESOPHAGUS, ANUS, AND EPIDERMIS. - CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
-
-CUBE SHAPED CELLS THAT LINE KIDNEY TUBULES, COVER THE OVARIES,AND SECRETORY PARTS OF CERTAIN GLANDS.
-THEIR MAIN FUNCTION IS PROTECTION; CAN ALSO BE SECRETION AND ABSORPTION - COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
-
-THESE CELLS ARE TALL AND RECTANGULAR IN SHAPE.
-THEY ARE FOUND IN THE LINING AND DUCTS OF CERTAIN GLANDS.
-MAY HAVE CILIATED FUNCTIONS - SECRETE MUCUS - ARRANGEMENT OF EPITHELIAL CELLS
-
-CELL ARRANGEMENTS
- SIMPLE:SINGLE LAYER
- PSEUDO-STRATIFIED:FALSE LAYER, IS
SINGLE BUT LOOKS LAYERED
- STRATIFIED:TRUE LAYERS
- TRANSITIONAL:WHEN STRETCHED APPEAR
SQUAMOUS;WHEN RELAXED APPEAR RAGGED - SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
- - A SINGLE LAYER OF CELLS TOGETHER
- STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
- - TWO OF SEVERAL LAYERS OF CELLS ARE PRESENT AND ARE LAYERED UP FROM THE BASEMENT MEMBRANE.
- STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
-
-MATURE COLUMNAR CELLS (SHOW THE SHAPE)
-IMMATURE COLUMNAR CELLS (OFTEN SHOW CUBOIDAL SHAPE)
-BASEMENT MEMBRANE
-found in salivary glands - TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
-
-UMBRELLA CELLS
-CELLS FLATTEN TO A SQUAMOUS SHAPE
WHEN STRETCHED.
-BASEMENT MEMBRANE
-FOUND IN URINARY BLADDER - FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIAL CELLS
-
-MUCOUS MEMBRANE:LINES BODY CAVITIES
THAT OPEN TO THE OUTSIDE;PRODUCES
MUCOUS, SECRETES ENZYMES
-GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM:FORM GLANDS
(SIMPLE AND COMPOUND).
-ENDOTHELIUM:LINES THE CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM;SINGLE LAYER OF SQUAMOUS TYPE
CELLS.
MESOTHELIUM:ALSO CALLED SEROUS;LINES
BODY CAVITIES THAT DO NOT OPEN TO THE
OUTSIDE SQUAMOUS CELLS OVER CONNECTIVE
TISSUE. - FIBROUS MATRIX
-
-COLLAGEN FIBERS-WHITE FIBERS
-TOUGH FIBERS
-NOT STRETCHY
-STAINS PINK
-RETICULAR FIBERS-WHITE FIBERS
-SAME COLLAGEN PROTEIN
-THINNER, BRANCHED FIBERS
- RETICULAR = NETWORK
-ELASTIC FIBERS-YELLOW FIBERS
-BRANCHING FIBERS
-STRETCHY-ELASTIC
-STAINS BLACK OR DARK PURPLE
-HYALURONIC ACID
-COLLOIDAL GEL
-TISSUE FLUID - FIBROUS MATRIX - CELL TYPES
-
-FIBROBLAST-PRODUCE FIBERS AND
COLLOIDAL MATERIAL
-MACROPHAGES-"BIG EATERS" WHITE BLOOD
CELL THAT GOES THROUGH A PROCESS OF
PHAGOCYTOSIS WHEN ATTACKING FOREIGN
INVADERS.
-MAST CELLS-RELEASE HISTAMINES AND
HEPARIN AFTER INJURY.
-ADIPOCYTES-FAT CELL-PROTECTION AND
ENERGY STORAGE
-MELANOCYTES-MELANIN-BROWN PIGMENT
CONTAINING CELLS.
-PLASMA-WATER BASED MATERIAL THAT
CARRIES ANTIBODIES THROUGHOUT THE
BODY.