2009Step1
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- Maxillary artery = # embryo aortic arch
- 1st
- Stapedial artery = # embryo aortic arch
- 2nd
- Aorta = # embryo aortic arch
- 4th
- Pulmonary artery (ductus arteriosus) = # embryo aortic arch
- 6th
- Chvostek sign
- When the facial nerve is tapped at the angle of the jaw (i.e. masseter muscle), the facial muscles on the same side of the face will contract momentarily due to hypocalcemia
- Carotid artery = # embryo aortic arch
- 3rd
- Spironolactone
- K+ sparing diuretic inhibits aldosterone and Na+ channels
- Most common cause of viral myocarditis
- Coxsackievirus B
- Kussmal's sign
- Increased JVP on inspiration Due to increased venous return during inspiration w/ constrictive pericariditis
- Lipofuscin
- perinuclear brown pigment seen in heart, liver, spleen of elderly
- von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
- AD - abnormal BV growth mutation of VHL tumore suppressor gene on short arm of chr 3 angiomas & hemangioblastoma in retina, brain, and spiinal cord cystic growth in kidney & pancreas pheochromocytomas islet cell tumors clear cell renal carcinoma
- Dressler's Syndrome
- chest pain friction rub JVP
- Tetrology of Fallot
- Overriding aorta VSD Pulmonary trunk stenosis RV hypertrophy most common R -> L shunt early cyanosis
- Hypertrichosis
- hair density or length beyond the accepted limits of normal Minoxidil SE
- Most common cause of bacterial atypical pneumonia
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Tx for aspirin allergy
- Zileuton - 5-LIPOX inhibitor decreasing LTs
- Epiglottitis
- Sx: high fever, dysphagia, drooling, insp. stridor, respiratory distress x-ray thickening of epiglottis & aryepiglottic fold (thumbprint sign) Haemophilus influenzae
- Tx opioid OD
- Naltrexone
- Tx thrombolytic OD
- Aminocaproic acid
- Tx benzodiazepine OD
- Flumazenil
- Tx anti-cholinergic OD
- Physostigmine
- Tx herparin OD
- Protamine
- Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
- "hyaline membrane disease" most common cause of death in neonates associated w/ prematurity, maternal DM, c-section
- Vitamin B6 tx
- to prevent peripheral neuropathy due to isoniazid
- Vitamin B1 tx
- to prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in alcoholics
- Vitamin B12 tx
- for B12 deficiency (neuro sx, macrocytic anemia, increased MMA & homocysteine)
- Trousseau sign
- Occlude brachial artery w/ BP cuff -> carpal spasm
- Ankylosis
- joint pain
- Reed-Sternberg cell
- aka Lacunar cell Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- "orphan Annie eye" nucleus
- Thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma
- Conn's syndrome
- Primary hyperaldosteronism
- Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
- pre-excitation of the ventricles of the heart due to an accessory pathway known as the bundle of Kent tx w/ ablation
- Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
- disease of the adrenal glands most commonly caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. The infection leads to massive hemorrhage into one or (usually) both adrenal glands sx: meningococcemia, low blood pressure and shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with widespread purpura, and rapidly developing adrenocortical insufficiency