Kozier 33: Medications
Terms
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- Absorption
- the process by which a drug passes into the bloodstream
- Adverse effects
- more severe side effects which may justify the discontinuation of a drug
- Agonist
- a drug that interacts with a receptor to produce a response
- Ampule
- a small glass container for individual doses of liquid medications
- Anaphylactic reaction
- a severe allergic reaction usually occurs immediately after the administration of the drug
- Bevel
- the part of the needle, which is the slanted part at the tip of the needle
- Biotransformation
- process by which a drug is converted to a less active form; also called detoxification
- Brand name
- the name given by the drug manufacturer
- Buccal
- pertaining to the cheek
- Cannula
- a tube with a lumen (channel) that is inserted into a cavity or duct and is often fitted with a trocar during insertion
- Chemical name
- the name by which a chemist knows the drug; describes the constituents of the drug precisely
- Cumulative effect
- the increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion
- Detoxification
- a process by which a drug is converted to a less active form
- Distribution
- the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action
- Drug
- a chemical compound taken for disease prevention, diagnosis, cure, or relief or to affect the structure or function of the body
- Drug abuse
- excessive intake of a substance either continually or periodically
- Drug allergy
- an immunologic reaction to a drug
- Drug dependence
- inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control
- Drug habituation
- a mild form of psychologic dependence on a drug
- Drug half-life
- the time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to one half what it was at initial administration
- Drug interaction
- the beneficial or harmful interaction of one drug with another drug
- Drug polymorphism
- a client’s variation in response to a drug is influenced by age, gender, size, and body composition
- Drug tolerance
- a condition in which successive increases in the dosage of a drug are required to maintain a given therapeutic effect
- Drug toxicity
- the quality of a drug that exerts a deleterious effect on an organism or tissue
- Epidural
- commonly used routes for parenteral administration into the lumbar spinal space
- Excretion
- elimination of a waste product produced by the body cells from the body
- Gastrostomy tube
- a tube which is surgically placed directly into the client’s stomach and provides another route for administering nutrition and medications
- Gauge
- diameter of the shaft
- Generic name
- a drug name not protected by trademark and usually describing the chemical structure of the drug
- Hub
- the part of the needle, which fits onto the syringe
- Hypodermic
- under the skin
- Hypodermic syringe
- a type of syringe that comes in 2-, 2.5-, and 3-mL sizes; the syringe usually has two scales marked on it: the minim and the milliliter
- Iatrogenic disease
- disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy
- Idiosyncratic effect
- a different, unexpected or individual effect from the normal one usually expected from a medication; the occurrence of unpredictable and unexplainable symptoms
- Illicit drugs
- drugs that are sold illegally; street drugs