History Unit Test
Terms
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- tyrant
- An absolute ruler who governs without restrictions
- republic
- A political order in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who are entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them
- comedy
- A dramatic work that is light and often humorous or satirical in tone and that usually contains a happy resolution of the thematic conflict
- democracy
- Government by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives.
- patrician
- A person of refined upbringing, manners, and tastes
- phalanx
- A formation of infantry carrying overlapping shields and long spears, developed by Philip II of Macedon and used by Alexander the Great
- popular government
- government run directly by the say of the people
- metic
- an alien who paid a fee to reside in an ancient Greek city
- plebeian
- Of or relating to the common people of ancient Rome
- drama
- A prose or verse composition, especially one telling a serious story, that is intended for representation by actors impersonating the characters and performing the dialogue and action
- noble
- Possessing hereditary rank in a political system or social class derived from a feudalistic stage of a country's development.
- veto
- The vested power or constitutional right of one branch or department of government to refuse approval of measures proposed by another department, especially the power of a chief executive to reject a bill passed by the legislature and thus prevent or delay its enactment into law.
- rhetoric
- The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively
- indemnity
- Compensation for damage, loss, or injury suffered
- inflation
- A persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money
- philosophy
- Investigation of the nature, causes, or principles of reality, knowledge, or values, based on logical reasoning rather than empirical methods.
- polis
- A city-state of ancient Greece.
- colonus
- replaced slaves as workers that used land to farm and payed to use the land with crops
- consul
- Either of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, elected for a term of one year.
- aristocracy
- Government by a ruling class.
- patriarch
- Used formerly as a title for the bishops of Rome, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria.
- terracing
- To form (a hillside or sloping lawn, for example) into terraces
- anarchy
- Absence of any form of political authority
- orator
- An eloquent and skilled public speaker.
- myth
- A traditional, typically ancient story dealing with supernatural beings, ancestors, or heroes that serves as a fundamental type in the worldview of a people, as by explaining aspects of the natural world or delineating the psychology, customs, or ideals of society
- checks and balances
- a system in which no pawer of governemtn can overrun another in amount of power
- phidias
- Athenian sculptor who supervised work on the Parthenon. His statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
- cleopatra
- Egyptian queen (51-49 and 48-30) noted for her beauty and charisma. Octavian defeated the forces led by Cleopatra and Mark Antony at Actium (31).
- socrates
- Greek philosopher whose indefatigable search for ethical knowledge challenged conventional mores and led to his trial and execution on charges of impiety and corrupting the youth
- constantine
- created new capital of byzantium
- octavion
- first emperor of rome
- Virgil
- author, aeneid
- diocletian
- reorganized administration
- Romulus augustus
- last emperor of the west
- aristotle
- Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought.
- Marc Antony
- fell in love with cleopatra
- hippocrates
- Greek physician who laid the foundations of scientific medicine by freeing medical study from the constraints of philosophical speculation and superstition
- sulla
- Roman general and dictator (82-79) who marched on Rome and seized power from his political rival Marius
- archimedes
- Greek mathematician, engineer, and physicist.
- julius caesar
- greatest military leader of rome
- euclid
- Greek mathematician who applied the deductive principles of logic to geometry, thereby deriving statements from clearly defined axioms.
- gracchus
- two brothers who instituted Roman social reform
- cynic
- A member of a sect of ancient Greek philosophers who believed virtue to be the only good and self-control to be the only means of achieving virtue.
- stoic
- A member of an originally Greek school of philosophy, founded by Zeno about 308 B.C., believing that God determined everything for the best and that virtue is sufficient for happiness. Its later Roman form advocated the calm acceptance of all occurrences as the unavoidable result of divine will or of the natural order.
- epicureans
-
followers of Epicurus (who died at Athens B.C. 270), or adherents of the
Epicurean philosophy (Acts 17:18). This philosophy was a system of atheism, and
taught men to seek as their highest aim a pleasant and smooth life. - legion
- The major unit of the Roman army consisting of 3,000 to 6,000 infantry troops and 100 to 200 cavalry troops.
- column
- A supporting pillar consisting of a base, a cylindrical shaft, and a capital
- minoans
- A native or inhabitant of ancient Crete.
- persians
- Of or relating to Persia or Iran, or to their peoples, languages, or cultures.
- spartan
- Of or relating to Sparta or its people
- 12 tables
- Any collection and arrangement in a condensed form of many particulars or values, for ready reference, as of weights, measures, currency, specific gravities, etc
- golden age
- The first age of the world, an untroubled and prosperous era during which people lived in ideal happiness.
- alexander the great
- the king of Macedonia, the great conqueror;
- helot
- lowestclass of sparta, agricultural laboror
- herodotus
- father of history
- hubris
- assumption that a central character has the same knowledge or ability as the gods
- plato
- Greek philosopher wrote the republic
- senate
- most powerful
- good emperors
- 1st- nerva, last aralius
- greek art
-
glorified humans
pride in city states
greek ideals
combined beauty and usefulness - geography of balkan peninsula
- between asia minor
- assembly of tribes
- elect tribunes, veto senate
- assembly of centuries
- declared war and peace, elected consuls
- greek city states
-
1. small size
2. small pop.
3. polis
4. public meeting place - hellenize
- to transform with greek culture
- age of kings
- a time when kings ruled
- homer
- wrote odyssey
- pericles
- Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon
- thucydides
- Greek historian. Considered the greatest historian of antiquity, he wrote a critical history of the Peloponnesian War that contains the funeral oration of Pericles.
- zeus
- god of thunder
- hellenistic age
- postclassical Greek history and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the accession of Augustus
- antony and cleopatra
- had a love affair formed an alliance
- octavian
- first emperor of rome
- pax romana
- roman peace
- paterfamilias
- A man who is the head of a household or the father of a family
- ponifex maximus
- high priest of state religion in early roman history
- battle of plataea
- 479 bc when greek finally defeated persians
- peloponnesian war
- caused by economic and commercial conflict
- punic wars
- caused by conflict over control of meditteranean and rome
- first triumvirate
- julius caesar, pompey, crasius
- second triumvirate
- antony, octavian, lepidus
- euripedes and sophocles
- greek playrights
- parthenon
- The chief temple of the goddess Athena built on the acropolis at Athens between 447 and 432 B.C. and considered a supreme example of Doric architecture.
- acropolis
- The fortified height or citadel of an ancient Greek city
- aratosthenes
- calculated earths diameter