medical terminology Pathology of Digestive system
Terms
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- anorexia
- lack of appetite
- ascites
- abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
- borborygmus
- Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract
- constipation
- difficulty in passing of stools (feces)
- diarrhea
- frequent passage of loose, water stools
- dysphagia
- difficulty in swallowing
- eructation
- gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth.
- flatus
- gas expelled through the anus
- flatulence
- the presence o excessive gas in both the stoamch and the intestines.
- hematochezia
- Passage of bright, fresh, red blood in the rectum. BRBPR
- jaundice
- yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues casued by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
- melena
-
black, tarry stools;
feces containing blood. - nausea
- unpleasant sensation in the stomach and a tendency to vomit.
- steatorrhea
- fat in the feces;(frothy, foul-smelling, fecal matter).
- aphthous stomatitis
- inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers. (canker sores)
- dental caries
- tooth decay
- herpetic stomatitis
- inflammation of the mouth by infection; with the herpes virus. (cold sores)
- oral leukoplakia
- white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth.
- peridontal disease
- inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone; also called pyorrhea
- achalasia
- failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax (LES)
- esophageal varices
- swollen, varicose veins in the distal portion of hte esophagus or upper part of the stomach.
- gastric carcinoma
- Malignant tumor of the stomach.
- GERD
-
gastroesophageal reflux disease;
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach - hernia
- Protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle that normaly contains it.
- peptic ulcer
- Open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum.
- anal fistula
- Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus.
- colonic polyposis
- polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon.
- colorectal cancer
- Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both.
- Crohn's disease
- Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract(terminal ileum and colon).
- diverticulosis
- abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall
- Diverticula
- pouch like herniations through the muscular wall of the colon
- diverticulitis
- fecal matter trapped in the outpouchings of the muscular wall of the colon.
- dysentery
- painful, inflammed intestines.
- hemorrhoids
- swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region.
- ileus
- Failure of peristalsis with obstruction ofthe intestines.
- intussusception
- telescoping of the intestines.
- irritable bowel syndrome
- IBS; group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension.
- ulcerative colitis
- Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers; an IBD
- Volvulus
- Twisting of the intestine upon itself
- cholelithiasis
- gallstones in the gallbladder
- cirrhosis
- Chronic degenerative disease of the liver
- pancreatitis
- inflammation ofthe pancreas.
- viral hepatitis
- Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.