American government
Terms
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- Generational Effect
- Adults who grew up in one era have different views than the previous era
- Intensity
- a measure of depth or feeling associated to a given opinion
- electoral college
- group of electors from every state who meet every four years to vote for the President and Vice President of the United States
- Primary System
- a system in nominating candidates where voters in the state make the nomination by voting
- Sampling Bias
- A bias in a sample where a particular set of people is being ignored or overrepresented
- Schemas
- intellectual frameworks for evaluating our world
- local party organizations
- Initial point of entry for those looking for a political career
- Tracking Polls
- Polls used by the media to track the support levels for the candidates overtime
- proportional representation
- representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote
- Representative Sample
- Includes all significant characteristics of total population
- Random Sample
- each member of population has an equal chance of being included making the sample valid
- National party organization
- national level organization whose tasks include fund raising, dist. of info. and recruitment
- super delegates
- Party leaders get vote, and do not have to promise/pledge to anyone
- minor or third parties
- parties other than republican or democrat
- political action committees
- interest groups that collect money from members to support their candidate
- front loading
- states hold primaries early in the schedule so delegate support is locked up early
- winner take all system
- an election system in which the candidate with the most votes wins
- multi party system
- 5 or 10 more parties compete in elections
- caucus
- A meeting of local party members to choose party officials or candidates for public office and to decide the platform
- Latency
- below the surface issues of the public but becomes important when certain events occur
- primary election
- an election in which the voters of various parties choose candidates to run for office in a general election
- Exit Polls
- Polls that question voters after they leave the voting booth to predict the outcome of an election
- closed primary
- a primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote
- Public Opinion
- A collective expression of attitudes about issues
- Political socialization
- the process in which a person acquires beliefs and opinions politically
- State party organizations
- organize elections and provide the electoral college votes to win presidency
- Straw Poll
- A non-scientific method of measuring public opinion
- new deal coalition
- franklin Roosevelt est. a broad electorate made up of urban working class, newer ethnic groups catholics Jews poor and liberals
- Political culture
- perspective based on core values, political ideology, culture and lifestyle
- party platform
- list of policy positions a party endorses and pledges its elected officials to enact over the next four years
- recruitment
- parties look for effective, popular candidates to win votes for offices
- single member districts
- a seat goes to the candidate with the most votes
- national party convention
- a place where party leaders meet to nominate the party's presidential and vice-presidential candidates and to write the party's platform (meets every four years)
- Realignment
- popular support switches from one party to another due to historical events
- Margin of error
- measure of error in a survey
- open primary
- a primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party)
- Political Ideology
- coherent way to view the beliefs of politics such as military, economy, and welfare
- Machine politics
- when a "boss" would do favors for people in order to gain their votes for a certain politician. Gave these bosses ultimate political power.
- McGovern-Fraser Commission
- made primaries instead of caucuses the common means to choosing delegates this ensured a wide range of members to participate
- Revolution of 1880
- the first election in history where the federalist gave up power due to lost to the republicans
- nomination
- the act of officially naming a candidate
- Culture Theory
- preferences on ways of life based on social interactions
- political parties
- organizations the allow like minded people to group together and magnify individual voices to promote candidates and government actions
- Party identification
- psychologically people support or vote regularly for a certain party
- Salience
- Above the surface issues of the public that have an impact on individuals lives
- Gender Gap
- A difference in the political opinions of men and women