Chem ch 6 vocab
Terms
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- Quantum
- The amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another
- Amplitude
- The height of a ware's crest
- Pauli exclusion principle
- An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction
- Electromagnetic radiation
- Energy waves that travel in a vacuum at a speed of 2.998 x 10 to the 8th m/s; includes radio waves, microwaves, infraned waves, visible lights, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and gamma rays
- Frequency
- The number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time
- Quantum Mechanical model
- The modern description primarily mathematical of the behavior of electrons in atoms
- Spectrum
- Wavelengths of visible light that are seperated when a beam of light passes through a prisms range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
- Aufbau principle
- The rule that electrons occupy orbitals of lowest energy first
- Hund's rule
- Electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number or electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
- Ground state
- The lowest possible energy of an electron describe by Quantum Mechanics
- Photon
- A quantum of light; a discrete bundle of electro magnetic energy that interacts with matter similarly to particles
- Electron configuration
- The arrangement of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuceli of atoms
- Wavelength
- The distance between adjacent crests of a wave
- Atomic emission spectrum
- The pattern formed when light passes through a prism or diffraction grating to seperate it into the different frequencies of light it contains
- Energy level
- The specific energies an electron in an atom or other systems can have
- Atomic orbital
- A mathematic expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations; usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron
- Hertz
- The unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second
- Heisenberg uncertainty principle
- It is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time