Apologia Biology
Terms
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- Organic Molecule
- A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorous
- Biosynthesis
- the process by which living organisms produce molecules
- Catalyst
- a substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but does not get used up in the process
- Chemical change
- a change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance
- Concentration
- a measurement of how much substance exists within a certain volume
- Dehydration Reaction
- a chemical reaction in which molecules combine by ejecting water
- Diffusion
- the random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
- Disaccharides
- Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides
- Element
- All atoms that contain the same number of protons
- Hydrophobic
- Lacking any affinity to water
- Hydrogen bond
- A strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) in specific molecules
- Hydrolysis
- Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
- Isomers
- Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
- Matter
- Anything that has mass and takes up space
- Model
- An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen
- Molecules
- Chemicals that result from atoms linking together
- Monosaccharides
- Simple carbohydrates that contain three to ten carbon atoms
- Osmosis
- The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration
- Peptide bond
- A bond that links amino acids together in a protein
- Phase
- One of three forms-- solid, liquid, or gas-- which every substance is capable of attaining
- Physical change
- A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance
- Polysaccharides
- Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
- Saturated fat
- A lipid made from fatty acids which have no double bonds between carbon atoms
- Semipermeable membrane
- A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass through
- Unsaturated fat
- A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms