Volcanoes 2
Terms
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- the mountain-shaped structure
- CONE
- a small pit or depression at the top of the cone
- CRATER
- a channel through which lava flows from the magma chamber to the surface
- VENT
- a channel that branches off the vent
- SECONDARY VENT
- source of magma below a volcano
- MAGMA CHAMBER
- a crack in the Earth's surface through which magma rises
- FISSURE
- molten rock below the surface
- MAGMA
- molten rock at the surface
- LAVA
- rocks formed from molten rock
- IGNEOUS
- rocks formed from cooled magma
- INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS
- rocks formed from cooled lava
- EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS
- examples of extrusive igneous rocks
- PUMICE, OBSIDIAN, BASALT
- examples of intrusive igneous rocks
- GRANITE, GABBRO
- magma high in silica and gases
- RHYOLITIC
- magma low in silica and gases
- BASALTIC
- magma with medium levels of silica and gas
- ANDESITIC
- a large mass of intrusive igneous rocks
- PLUTON
- the largest pluton
- BATHOLITH
- a very large pluton, slightly smaller than a batholith
- STOCK
- a mushroom-shaped pluton
- LACCOLITH
- a ribbon-like pluton forming horizontally
- SILL
- a ribbon-like pluton forming vertically
- DIKE
- any material ejected from a volcano
- TEPHRA
- hot, fast moving ejected material
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW
- a volcanic mudflow
- LAHAR
- smallest tephra
- DUST
- tephra the size of grains of sand
- ASH
- largest tephra
- VOLCANIC BLOCK
- lava cools and hardens in the air
- LAVA BOMB