Science Voc.
Terms
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- thermal energy
- sum of kinetic and potential energy of particls in an object due to their random motion
- atomic number
- number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
- cathode
- electrode whith a negative charge
- wedge
- simple machine consisting of an inclined plane that moves
- science
- the process used to investiage what is happening around us in order to solve problems or answer questions
- electron cloud
- region surrounding the nuceus of an atom
- screw
- simple machine that is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder or post
- machanical energy
- the sum of kinetic and potentia energy
- anode
- an eletrode with a positive charge
- proton
- positively charged particle ina the nucleus of an atom
- chemical energy
- energy stored in chemical bonds
- efficiency
- equals the out-put work/input work x's 100%
- element
- matter made of atoms of only one kind
- energy
- the ability to work
- net force
- combination of all forces acting on an object
- wheel and axle
- simple machine made from two circular objects of different diameters that are attached
- inclined plane
- simple machine that is a flat, sloped surface or ramp
- compound machine
- machine made up of two or more simple machines
- half-life
- time needed for one half the mass of a sample of a radio active isotope to decay
- nucleus
- an organelle that controls all the activities of the cell
- nuclear energy
- energy stored in the nucleus of atom
- chemical change
- change in which the identity of a sunstance changes due to its chemical properties and forms a new substance
- gravity
- non-contact force that every object exerts on every other object; depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them
- biotechnology
- technology applied to living organisms
- constant
- variablethat stays the same during an experiment
- law of conservation of energy
- energy can change form but never be created or destroyed
- physical change
- change in which the form or appearance or matter changes, but not it's composition
- second law of motion
- an object acted on by an unbalanced force will accelerate in the direction
- simple machine
- machine does work with only one movement
- non-contact force
- force is exerted by one object on another when the objects are not touching
- velocity
- the speed and direction of a moving body equals displacement/time
- balanced forces
- forces acting on an object that combine to make the net force equal zero so that no change occurs in the objects motion
- speed
- equals distance traveled divided by the time needed to travel that distance
- inexhaustible resource
- energy source that can NEVER be used up by HUMANS
- independent variable
- factor that is intenially varied by the experimenter
- potential energy
- energy stored in an object due to its position
- fossil fuels
- coal, oil, and natural gas; formed by the effects of heat and pressure of ancient plants and marine organisms
- air resistance
- force that opposes the motion of objects moving in air
- mechanical advantage
- numebr of times the input force is multiplied by a machine to equal the output force
- transmutation
- change of one element to another through radioactive decay
- alternate resource
- new renewable or inexhaustible energy source; includes solar energy, wind, and geo-thermal energy
- third law of motion
- states that forces act in equal but opposite pairs
- control
- the sample that is treated like other experimental groups except that the independent variable is not applied to it
- law of conservation of mass
- total mass of the matter is the same before and after a physical or chemical change
- FIRST LAW of motion
- states that an object will remain at rest or move in a straight line at a constant speed unless it is acted upon by another outside force
- acceleration
- change in velocity divided by time
- kinetic energy
- energy an object has due to its motion
- hypothesis
- preediction or statement that can be tested and may be formed by prior knowledge, any previous observations, and new info.
- power
- rate at which the work is done = w/t
- friction
- the force between the surfaces in contact that resists the sliding of the surfaces past each other
- condensation
- process that takes place when a gas changes to a liquid
- output force
- force exerted by a machine
- work
- when a force is exerted on an object causes that object to move some distances; equal to the forcexdistance
- pully
- simple machine made from a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around the groove
- unbalanced forces
- forces acting the object that combine to make the net force not equal zero; and cause a change in the objects motion
- output force
- force exerted by a machine
- isotope
- atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
- generator
- device that transforms kinetic energy into electrical energy
- evaporation
- the process by which a liquid changes to a gas
- technology
- application of science to make useful products and tools, such as computers..or shannen :X
- mass number
- sum of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom
- lever
- a simple machine consisting of a rigid rod or plank that pivits or rotates about a fixed point called the fulcrum
- electrical energy
- energy carried by an electrical current
- scientists
- person who works to learn more about the natural world
- input force
- force exerted on a machine
- dependent variable
- factor that may change as a result of changes purposely made to the independent variable
- vaporization
- process which liquid changes to a gas
- force
- push or pull one object exerts on another; has a size and direction
- renewable resource
- energy resource that is replenished continually
- nonrenewable resource
- energy resource that is used up faster tha nit can be replaced
- sublimation
- the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas