Marine Bio Test 3
Terms
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- Ecology
- The study of how organisms interact with their environment
- Species
- Individuals of the same kind that cannot breed with individuals belonging to different kinds
- Habitat
- Where an organism lives
- Niche
- What an organism population does, what role they occupy
- Community
- All the plants and animals in a given area
- Population
- The total of all the individuals of one species in a given area
- Ecosystem
- All the communities and abiotic factors (the environment) in a large area
- Detritus
- Once-living organic material
- Limiting Factors
- A necessary resource that is in short supply
- Symbiosis
- 2 or more organisms livig together
-
Predator Strategies
(Structural Advantages) -
1. Flexible Bodies
2. Natural Weapons -
Predator Strategies
(Ambush) -
1. Stalk Victim
2. Gape & Suck
3. Keen Eyesight
4. Venom -
Prey Strategies
(Structural Advantages) -
1. Hard Coverings
2. Thorns or Spines
3. Natural Weapons -
Prey Strategies
(Chemical Warfare) -
1. Blinding ink
2. Poison
3. Offensive tastes or smells -
Prey Strategies
(Camouflage) -
1. Mimicry
2. Color change
3. Counter-shading
4. Disruptive patterns - Mimicry
-
The sonic and/or optical illusion that makes prey seem like a predator.
Ex: School of fish, fake eyes, inflation -
Commensalism
(2 Ex) -
Host = Unaffected
Symbiont = Benefits
1. Remora on shark/whale
2. Pearl fish & Sea Cucumber -
Mutualism
(1 Ex) -
Host = Benefits
Symbiont = Benefits
1. Algae + Fungus = Lichen
Algae = food & oxygen
Fungus = carbon dioxide & moisture -
Corals & Zooxanthellae
(Obligate Relationship) -
Cnidarians (Corals) & Dinoflagellates (Zooxanthellae) have an obligate relationship
If D. leaves, C. dies
D. gets byproducts from C.'s metabolism
C. gets food from D.'s metabolism - Competition
- When a resource is in short supply and one organism uses the resource at the expense of another