MPCS6thScienceReviewFinal2009

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What is static discharge?: a release of build-up of electrons (example - sliding in your socks across a carpeted floor and then touching a friend)
What is thermal energy?: energy from hot objects
What is the purpose of an electric motor?: to change electric energy into kinetic energy
What is a medium?: the matter through which a wave transfers energy
What is kinetic energy?: energy of motion
What is an electromagnet?: current carrying wire wrapped around an iron core
What are acidic solutions like?: sour to the taste; corrosive; have a ph between 0-7, reacts with metals
What is the purpose of a generator?: uses magnetism to change kinetic energy into electric energy
What is inertia?: the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion
What is a base?: substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
What is a compression?: the most dense area of a compressional wave
How can current be created using only wire and a magnet?: moving a magnet in and out of a coil wire
What is an alternating current?: current that changes direction
What is an example of a mechanical wave?: ###
What is an example of a homogeneous mixture?: sweet tea or mouthwash
What is the difference between alternating current and direct current?: alternating is an electric current that changes direction; direct flows only in one direction
What is rarefaction?: the less dense area of a compressional wave
What is interference?: waves combining with each other
What is the SI unit for electrical potential?: volts
What is a mixture?: a combination of substances that can be separated by physical processes
What is a solvent?: substance that does the dissolving
How can a magnetic field be created around a wire?: allow electric current to flow through the wire
What is an aqueous solution?: one in which water is the solvent
What is wavespeed?: the product of wavelenght and frequency
What happens to the speed of a wave as the temperature of the medium increases?: as temperature increases, the speed of sound increases
What is a mechanical wave?: a transverse or compressional wave that can travel only through matter
What is an echo?: a reflected sound
What are some examples of insulators?: plastic, rubber, wood, glass
What is rarefaction?: the spread out particles in a compressional wave; less dense area of a compressional wave
What is a solute?: substance that dissolves in a solution
How do you neutralize an acid?: add a base
What is the SI unit for resistance?: ohm
What is nuclear energy?: energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?: raisin bran cereal or salad
How can a singer shatter glass?: the same natural frequency causes the glass to vibrate - if continued - it will vibrate until it shatters
What is Newton's First Law?: an object at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight path will continue to do so until a net force acts on it
What is the difference between a series and a parallel circuit?: parallel has more than one path; series you install fuses
What is Ohm's Law?: it states that voltage = current x resistance
What is potential energy?: energy of position
What are the characteristics of waves that can change?: wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and wave speed
Do sound waves travel where there is NO matter?: NO - sound is a compressional wave that needs matter to transfer, therefore; it will not travel without matter
What kind of energy is used to produce current electricity in a battery?: chemical
What are basic solutions like?: they feel slippery to the touch and are bitter to the taste; ph between 7-14; accepts hydrogen ions; produces hydroxide ionsp; usually does NOT react with metals
How do polar bonds share electrons?: unevenly
What type of substances do polar substances dissolve?: polar
Which waves do NOT need matter to transfer energy?: electromagnetic
What is a generator?: ###
What is another name for a solution?: homogeneous mixture
What is an example of an alloy?: steel or brass
What is a force?: a push or pull on an object
What is friction?: almost all objects are stopped by this
What is momentum?: the measure of how hard it is to stop an object
What is sound?: compressional wave
What is chemical energy?: energy stored in the bonds between atoms
How can reverberations in a room be reduced?: add carpet or drapes
What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?: the total momentum of objects that collide with each other is the same before and after the collision
What is a compressional wave?: a wave in which matter moves back and forth in the same direction the wave is moving
What is diffraction?: the bending of a wave around a barrier
What is a solution?: another name for a homogeneous mixture
How is an electromagnet made?: wrap iron with a current carrying wire. The iron core then becomes magnetized
What does amplitude reflect?: the amount of energy in a wave (all waves carry energy)
What is a wave?: the rhythmic disturbance that carries energy
What is a reflection?: the action of a wave bouncing off an object
What type of substance is water?: polar; universal solvent; its molecules attract one another and also attract other polar substances
What is Newton's Second Law?: an object acted upon by a net force will accelerate in the direction of the force (according to the equation A = net force/mass
What is an electromagnetic wave?: a wave that does not require matter to transfer energy
What is an alloy?: a solid-solid solution containing 2 metals
What happens to objects that gain electrons?: becomes negatively charged
What is a transverse wave?: a mechanical wave in which matter moves at a right angle to the wave direction
What is amplitude?: a measure of a waves energy halfway between the 2 crests of a wave
What are some examples of conductors?: copper, gold, silver
What is neutralization?: the interaction that occurs between acids and bases in which the properties of each are cancelled out by the other
What is displacement?: a measure of how far you are from a starting point and ending point
What is loudness?: human perception of the energy a wave carries
What is frequency?: the number of waves passing a given point per second
What is the ONE thing that affects inertia?: mass
What is a decibel?: unit to measure the energy or intensity of a sound
What is the pH of bases?: 7-14
What is a magnetic domain?: group of atoms alligned with magnetic poles
How do electrons flow in a battery?: from the - terminal to the + terminal
What is a dissolution?: the process of forming a solution
What is the pH of acids?: 0-7
What is wavelength?: the measure from crest to crest
What is Newton's Third Law?: forces always act in equal but opposite pairs
How can you determine what substance in a solution is the solvent?: it is the one present in the greatest quantity
What is the difference between a saturated solution and an unsaturated solution?: saturated has more solute than an unsaturated solution
How do you prevent overloading in a parallel circuit?: install fuses
How do nonpolar bonds share electrons?: evenly
What affects momentum?: mass and velocity
What type of substances do nonpolar substances dissolve?: nonpolar
What is diffraction?: waves that bend around a barrier
What happens to objects that lose electrons?: becomes postitively charged
What is an example of an electromagnetic wave?: ####
What is an acid?: substance that contains hydrogen and produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water
What does high frequency mean?: high pitch
What is pitch?: the highness or lowness of a sound
What is voltage?: the measure of the potential energy available in a complete circuit
What is the SI unit for current?: ampere
What is the SI unit for power?: watts
What is Doppler Effect?: the change in frequency of a sound due to motion of the force
What does the doppler effect involve?: the change in the pitch of a sound as it is traveling closer to you and further away from you
What do electromagnetic waves travel fastest through?: matter where atoms are further apart (gases)
What is refraction?: a wave that bends as it moves from one medium to another
Why is water considered the universal solvent?: it can dissolve so many different solutes
What is radiant energy?: energy of light
What does high amplitude mean?: a sound will be loud (volume)
What do mechanical waves travel fastest through?: matter where atoms are close together (solids)
What is a magnetic field?: an area around a magnet where magnetic forces act
What can affect solubility (how substances dissolve)?: temperature, increased contact, or surface area

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Number of cards 109