ACIS Exam II
Terms
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- Analyzing the requirements
- analyze current system, determine what is needed for new system, build logical models
- Apple vs. PC
- Use different information sets, Apple's developed by PowerPC and PC's developed by Intel
- Bit
- single digit 0 or 1, used to represent transmission speeds
- byte
- group of 8 bits, used to represent storage space
- Cache memory
- most frequently used data are placed in the cache; a small amount of very fast memory
- Clarity in SS design
- Simple, unified, ordered logically, different fonts and colors used for emphasis, balanced in shape
- clock speed
- speed of central processing unit, measured in hertz
- Conditional Formatting
- Using color within cells to adhere to conditions specified by the user
- CPU writes data to main memory via
- data channel or bus
- CRTS vs. LCDs
- Cathode ray tubes (traditional tv screens); liquid crystal display (much slimmer)
- Defining the system
- complete feasability study, assemble a team, choose methodology, define goals and scope, develop project plan
- Designing the components
- Identify potential solutions and evaluate them, select hardware/software, develop application specifications (programs, data storage, procedures)
- Domain name
- human friendly IP address; IP address put into words so we can remember it
- Dot Pitch vs. Pixel Pitch
- CRTs use dot pitch (distance between pixels; the smaller the better picture); LCDs use pixel pitch
- Efficiency in SS design
- All formulas calculated by Excel, data entry and analysis made simple, output easy
- Firmware
- software that is installed into devices of output
- Fixing any problems
- Operate equipment, make back-ups, provide help to users, fix bugs, optimize for speed and security, revise software as necessary to meet changing business needs
- Flexibility in SS design
- SS can be modified easily if the environment changes
- Horizontal vs. vertical market application software
- horizontal: capabilities for many markets; vertical: software serves one specific industry
- IEEE 802.3
- Ethernet, the most popular LAN standard
- IF Function
- IF(condition, true_value, false_value)
- Implementing
- Purchase and install software, write program code for applications, test the applications, finalize documentation, train users, convert data, convert to a new system
- IP address
- logical address (ex: street address), may be temporary
- LAN hardware
- Network interface card, switch, hub
- Layers of the TCP/IP
-
1. Physical
2. Data Link
3. Internet
4. Transport
5. Application
- Linux
- used by scientists and engineers, and used mainly for web servers; free to use (no license fee)
- Local area networks connect via
- a switch (a special purpose computer that receives and transmits messaging on the LAN)
- MAC address
- physical address (ex: longitude/latitude), unique
- Mac OS X
- Used for art
- memory swapping
- using unused memory to supply memory to programs that need it
- Methodology
- predetermined set of steps used often to develop something with each repeat trial more efficient than the last
- Narrow band vs. Broadband
- 56 kbps vs 256 kbps
- Network
- 2 or more computers/devices that communicate with each other
- network interface card
- installed in each device on a LAN to connect
- operating systems
- computer program that controls all the computer's resources
- Other methodologies
- Rapid Application Development, Unified Process, Extreme Programming
- RAM
- random access memory, volatile
- Relative cell reference vs. absolute cell reference
- relative: cell references change; absolute: cell references do not change, formula is FIXED
- Remember when making charts...
- Chart 1 idea at a time, start at 0, label clearly, scale correctly, show relevant time frames, order data chronologically
- SDLC does not work for ____ systems
- Large
- Spreadsheet Design Goals
- Clear, Flexible, Efficient, Verifiable, & Accurate
- Systems Development
- Define system, analyze requirements, design components, implement, make changes if user demands them
- TCP/IP
- set of rules that govern communication on the internet, ensures reliable communication between different machines
- Time required to read data from a disk
-
1. rotational delay, how long it takes the data to rotate under the read head
2. seek time, the time it takes the read head to find the right circle
- tunnel
- virtual or private pathway over a public or shared network from the virtual private network client to the VPN server
- Types of charts
- Pie, Line, Bar, Column
- Types of networks
-
LAN: all in single location
WAN: different geog. locations
Internet: a network of networks
- Types of Operating Systems
- Single user, multi-user
- Types of software
- Application software, system software, firmware
- Unix
- used by scientists, engineers
- Verifiability in SS design
- prevents input of bad data, helps user understand contents
- VPN uses ____ to ensure data transfer is private
- encryption
- When to use a column chart
- to show comparisons over different time periods of the same category
- When to use a horizontal bar chart
- to show comparisons at one point in time
- When to use a line graph
- to show growth over time
- When to use a pie chart
- to show proportions of a whole
- Windows
- used for business servers
- You should have no more than ___ pieces in a pie chart
- 7, largest to smallest starting at noon and going clockwise
- ___% of SS made by experienced users have significant errors
- 91
- ____% of all spreadsheets contain show-stopping errors
- 5