APUSH Civil Rights Movement
Terms
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- 1964- 24th Amendment
- Poll tax obliterated
- Greensboro Sit-Ins
- 1960- Students at North Carolina AT&T were tired of segregation at Woolworth's Diner
- McLauren v. Oklahoma
- 1951- dealt with the Grad program at Oklahoma University
- Sweatt v. Painter
- 1950- dealt with the law school at UT
- White Citizen's Council
- formed to oppose the Brown v. Board ruling
- After Voting Rights Act of 1965
- in Selma 60% of pop is black; more than 1/2 of S. Adult blacks were registered
- 1966
- Texas Western defeated Kentucky for NCAA national championship; Texas Western had all black starting five
- Dorie Miller
- Black cook at Pearl Harbor who shot down a couple of Japanese airplanes without any training.
- Earl Warren
- 1953- Chief Justice appointed by Eisenhower; more liberal than expected
- Double Victory
- Victory abroad in WW2 and victory over racism back home
- 1965
- march on Selma; state troopers attacked King and marchers
- Legal Lynchings
- Speedy but unfair trials of black defendants being tried and convicted by all-white juries
- Truman
- "To Secure these Rights"
- Race Riots
- Ex: Detroit in 1943
- Central High School
- 1957-Little Rock school ordered to desegregate but then Arkansas National Guard came; Eisenhower didn't really believe in Civil Rights but hated disobeyers
- June 1964
- Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman, and James Chaney Civil rights workers bodies were found beaten
- Smith v. Alwright
- 1944- Court struck down "white Primary"
- Guinn v. Oklahoma
- 1915- Struck down the Grandfather Clause
- Understanding Clauses
- more complicated literacy tests- interpret a certain section of the Mississippi State Constitution
- Jackie Robinson
- broke the color barrier in the MLB for the Brooklyn Dodgers #42
- Black Panthers
- Huey Newton and Bobby Seale; Quasi-military organization donning leather jackets , black berets, and brandising guns
- Southern Manifesto
- 1956- 19/22 senators and 82/106 reps oppose the brown ruling
- Freedom Rides
- 1961- traveled on buses across the South to protest segregation on busing
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- 1896- Upheld Separate but equal facilities
- Malcolm X
- Adopted Islam; thought Christianity was hypocritical
- Long Hot Summers
- Riots in black neighborhoods in N. cities
- J. Edgar Hoover
- Director of FBI tapped MLK's phones and said he was a threat
- Before Voting Rights Act of 1965
- in Selma 60% of pop. is black only 1% were registered to vote
- Kenneth Clark
- "give me the color doll experiment"
- Malcolm X
- "We're nonviolent with people who are nonviolent with us. But are not nonviolent with anyone who is violent against us."
- August 1963
- King's march on washington where he gave his I have a Dream Speech- 200,000 protesters came
- George Wallace
- Governor of Alabama; anti-segregationist
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- Gave federal protection for blacks attempting to exercise their voting right
- Brown v. Board of Education
- 1954- Overturned plessy stance and declared "separate but equal" unconsitutional
- Katzenbach v. United States
- 1966- Upheld Voting Rights act of 1965
- Senator James Vardaman
- "Education simply renders him unfit for the work of the white man... the only effect is to spoil a good field hand and make him a cook."
- Pitchfork Ben Tillman
- "One crime that warrants lynching... I would lead a mob to lynch a Negro who ravished a white woman"
- Dixiecrats
- Southern Democrats split in 1948 and formed Democrats and Dixies nominated Strom Thurmond picked up 39 votes
- Thurgood marshall
- First African-American to serve on the Supreme Court
- A. Philip Randolph
- 1941- Threatened a "Negro march" on washington in protest of segregation`
- LBJ
- genuinely believed in civil rights
- April 4, 1968
- James Earl Ray killed MLK; King's children later forgave Ray before he died
- Southern "Justice"
- Refers to Lynchings
- Emmett Till
- Killed in Chicago because he said "bye baby"
- Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States
- 1964- Upheld Civil Rights act of 1964
- 1947
- Desegregation of armed forces
- CORE
- Congress of Racial Equality- active during CR Movement, sponsored Freedom Rides in 1961
- Bull Connor
- brutal and racist Police Chief in Alabama
- Civil Rights act of 1964
- Banned racial discrimination in most private facilities open to the public
- Freedom Summer of 1964
- N. Whites came to S. to register blacks to vote
- Brown II
- 1955- desegregation would begin with "all deliberate speed"